ArticleAmerican journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)2013
Detection of anti-HLA antibodies in maternal blood in the second trimester to identify patients at risk of antibody-mediated maternal anti-fetal rejection and spontaneous preterm delivery.
Article in American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Cellular Transcriptome in the Maternal Circulation During Normal Pregnancy: A Longitudinal Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Evidence for maternal autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of preterm birth.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Is the HLA System Really Involved in Implantation, Pregnancy, or Abortion of the Fetus?: Strengths, Weaknesses, and Controversial Points.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- The Immunopathology of Preeclampsia.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Placental Histiocyte Phenotypes in Chronic Histiocytic Intervillositis: A Comprehensive Immunophenotypic and Morphologic Atlas.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Evidence for Maternal Autoantibodies in the Pathogenesis of Preterm Birth.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Evidence that atherosis of the spiral artery represents atherosclerotic lesions similar to those of native and transplant-induced atherosclerosis: implications for understanding the pathophysiology of obstetrical syndromes and long-term cardiovascular risk.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2025Article
- Proteomic Profiles of Maternal Plasma Extracellular Vesicles for Prediction of Preeclampsia.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2024Article
- Clinical chorioamnionitis at term: definition, pathogenesis, microbiology, diagnosis, and treatment.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2024Review
- Immunologic aspects of preeclampsia.AJOG global reports · 2024Review
- Alloimmunity to Class 2 Human Leucocyte Antigens May Reduce HIV-1 Acquisition - A Nested Case-Control Study in HIV-1 Serodiscordant Couples.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Chronic histiocytic intervillositis: A breakdown in immune tolerance comparable to allograft rejection?American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2021Review
- Memory B Cells in Pregnancy Sensitization.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Epidemiology of Pregnancy Complications Through the Lens of Immunological Memory.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Comparison of early pregnancy serum concentration of neopterin, neopterin/creatinine ratio, C-reactive protein, and chitotriosidase, in pregnant women with birth at term and spontaneous preterm birth.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
- HLA antibody repertoire in infants suggests selectivity in transplacental crossing.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2020Article
- Regulatory T Cells in Pregnancy: It Is Not All About FoxP3.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- MAIT Cells at the Fetal-Maternal Interface During Pregnancy.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Recent Insights on the Maternal Microbiota: Impact on Pregnancy Outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Antibiotic administration can eradicate intra-amniotic infection or intra-amniotic inflammation in a subset of patients with preterm labor and intact membranes.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
problemMaternal anti-fetal rejection is a mechanism of disease in spontaneous preterm labor. The objective of this study was to determine whether the presence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) panel-reactive antibodies (PRA) during the second trimester increases the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery. METHODS OF STUDY: This longitudinal case-control study included pregnant women with spontaneous preterm deliveries (n = 310) and control patients with normal term pregnancies (n = 620), matched for maternal age and gravidity. Maternal plasma samples obtained at 14-16, 16-20, 20-24, and 24-28 weeks of gestation were analyzed for HLA class I and class II PRA positivity using flow cytometry. The fetal HLA genotype and maternal HLA alloantibody epitope were determined for a subset of patients with positive HLA PRA.
results(i) Patients with spontaneous preterm delivery were more likely to exhibit HLA class I (adjusted OR = 2.54, P < 0.0001) and class II (adjusted OR = 1.98, P = 0.002) PRA positivity than those delivering at term; (ii) HLA class I PRA positivity for patients with spontaneous preterm delivery between 28 and 34 weeks (adjusted OR = 2.88; P = 0.001) and after 34 weeks of gestation (adjusted OR = 2.53; P < 0.0001) was higher than for those delivering at term; (iii) HLA class II PRA positivity for patients with spontaneous preterm delivery after 34 weeks of gestation was higher than for those delivering at term (adjusted OR = 2.04; P = 0.002); (iv) multiparous women were at a higher risk for HLA class I PRA positivity than nulliparous women (adjusted OR = 0.097, P < 0.0001 for nulliparity); (v) nulliparous women had a higher rate of HLA class I PRA positivity with advancing gestational age (P = 0.001); and (vi) 78% of women whose fetuses were genotyped had alloantibodies specific against fetal HLA class I antigens.
conclusionPregnant women with positive HLA class I or class II PRA during the second trimester are at an increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery due to antibody-mediated maternal anti-fetal rejection.
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