ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Intracellular antibody receptor TRIM21 prevents fatal viral infection.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Redirecting TRIM21 with TRIMTACs for the targeted degradation of multimeric proteins.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- TRIM21 induces selective autophagy of viruses and bacteria.Molecular cell · 2026Article
- The host ubiquitination system dynamically regulates the inflammatory response of macrophages to bacteria.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A No-Brainer! The Therapeutic Potential of TRIM Proteins in Viral and Central Nervous System Diseases.Viruses · 2025Review
- Research progress on human adenovirus sepsis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 is involved in IFN-γ-induced suppression of hepatitis B virus by regulating hepatocyte nuclear factors.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- TRIM21 reduces H1N1-induced inflammation and apoptosis by regulating the TBK1-IRF3 signaling pathway in A549 cells.Archives of virology · 2024Article
- TRIM21 and Fc-engineered antibodies: decoding its complex antibody binding mode with implications for viral neutralization.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The TRIM21-FOXD1-BCL-2 axis underlies hyperglycaemic cell death and diabetic tissue damage.Cell death & disease · 2023Article
- Multiple Roles of TRIM21 in Virus Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- It's a TRIM-endous view from the top: the varied roles of TRIpartite Motif proteins in brain development and disease.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Anti-L1 antibody-bound HPV16 pseudovirus is degraded intracellularly via TRIM21/proteasomal pathway.Virology journal · 2022Article
- Mapping of molecular interactions between human E3 ligase TRIM69 and Dengue virus NS3 protease using hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Article
- Cytoplasmic RNA sensors and their interplay with RNA-binding partners in innate antiviral response: theme and variations.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Review
- Article
- Targeted protein degradation in mammalian cells: A promising avenue toward future.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2022Review
- IFP35 Is a Relevant Factor in Innate Immunity, Multiple Sclerosis, and Other Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: A Review.Biology · 2021Review
- The RGD-binding integrins αvβ6 and αvβ8 are receptors for mouse adenovirus-1 and -3 infection.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Non-neutralizing antibodies protect against chronic LCMV infection by promoting infection of inflammatory monocytes in mice.European journal of immunology · 2021Article
- TRIM21/Ro52 - Roles in Innate Immunity and Autoimmune Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Host species have evolved mechanisms that can inhibit pathogen replication even after a cell has been successfully invaded. Here we show that tripartite-motif protein 21 (TRIM21), a ubiquitously expressed E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets viruses inside the cytosol, protects mice against fatal viral infection. Upon infection with mouse adenovirus-1, naive mice lacking TRIM21 succumb to encephalomyelitis within 7 d. In contrast, wild-type mice rapidly up-regulate TRIM21 and control viremia. Trim21 heterozygous mice have a haploinsufficiency phenotype in which reduced TRIM21 expression leads to a viral load that is higher than wild types but lower than knockouts. TRIM21 is a high-affinity antibody receptor that allows antibodies to operate inside an infected cell. In passive transfer experiments at high viral dose, antisera that fully protects wild-type mice fails to protect most Trim21 knockout animals. These results demonstrate that TRIM21 provides potent antiviral protection and forms an important part of the humoral immune response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.