ArticleInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease2013
Inhaled corticosteroid use in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the risk of pneumonia: a retrospective claims data analysis.
Article in International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 47 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An 8-week, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo and Active-controlled, Parallel Group, Dose-ranging Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of 3 Doses of CHF 718 pMDI (HFA Beclomethasone Dipropionate Via Pressured Metered Dose Inhaler) in Asthmatic Subjects.
A 6-week, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo and Active-controlled, Parallel Group, Dose-ranging Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of 4 Doses of CHF 5259 pMDI (HFA Glycopyrronium Bromide Via Pressurized Metered Dose Inhaler) in Subjects With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo and Active-controlled, Incomplete Block Cross-over, Dose Ranging Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of 4 Doses of CHF 1531 pMDI (Formoterol Fumarate) in Asthmatic Subjects
Reducing Diagnostic Error to Improve Patient Safety in COPD and Asthma (REDEFINE Study)
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between ICS use and risk of hyperglycemia in COPD patients: systematic review and meta-analysis.Respiratory research · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic review on long-term adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of COPD.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2021Pooled it
- Algorithms to identify COPD in health systems with and without access to ICD coding: a systematic review.BMC health services research · 2019Pooled it
- Inhaled steroids and risk of pneumonia for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Concomitant inhaled corticosteroid use and the risk of pneumonia in COPD: a matched-subgroup post hoc analysis of the UPLIFT® trial.Respiratory research · 2018Trial
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with inhaled medium- or high-dose corticosteroids: a prospective and randomized study focusing on clinical efficacy and the risk of pneumonia.Drug design, development and therapy · 2014Trial
- Regenerative therapeutics for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Burden of Exacerbations in Patients Newly Initiating an Inhaled Regimen for COPD: A Claims Analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Clinical and Economic Evaluation of Fluticasone Furoate/Umeclidinium/Vilanterol Versus Tiotropium/Olodaterol Therapy in Maintenance Treatment-Naive Patients with COPD in the US.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Observational
- Rational use of inhaled corticosteroids for the treatment of COPD.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2023Review
- Clinical and economic outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease initiating maintenance therapy with tiotropium bromide/olodaterol or fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2023Observational
- AGR3 Regulates Airway Epithelial Junctions in Patients with Frequent Exacerbations of COPD.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Differences in Real-World Health and Economic Outcomes Among Patients with COPD Treated with Combination Tiotropium/Olodaterol Versus Triple Therapy.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2020Article
- Treatment of COPD and COPD-heart failure comorbidity in primary care in different stages of the disease.Primary health care research & development · 2020Observational
- Prevalence of Asthma Characteristics in COPD Patients in a Dutch Well-Established Asthma/COPD Service for Primary Care.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2020Article
- Risk of Pneumonia Associated with Inhaled Corticosteroid in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Korean Population-Based Study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2020Article
- Provider anticipation and experience of patient reaction when deprescribing guideline discordant inhaled corticosteroids.PloS one · 2020Article
- Article
- Withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD patients: rationale and algorithms.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2019Review
- Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe use of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been associated with an increased risk of pneumonia in controlled clinical trials and case-control analyses.
objectiveUsing claims databases as a research model of real-world diagnosis and treatment, to determine if the use and dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) among patients with newly diagnosed COPD are associated with increased risk of pneumonia. PATIENTS AND
methodsThis was a retrospective cohort analysis of patients diagnosed with COPD between January 01, 2006 and September 30, 2010, drawn from databases (years 2006-2010). Patients (aged ≥45 years) were followed until first pneumonia diagnosis, end of benefit enrollment, or December 31, 2010, whichever was earliest. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the association of ICS use and risk of pneumonia, controlling for baseline characteristics. Daily ICS use was classified into low, medium, and high doses (1 μg-499 μg, 500 μg-999 μg, and ≥1000 μg fluticasone equivalents daily) and was modeled as a time-dependent variable.
resultsAmong 135,445 qualifying patients with a total of 243,097 person-years, there were 1020 pneumonia incidences out of 5677 person-years on ICS (crude incidence rate, 0.180 per person-year), and 27,730 pneumonia incidences out of 237,420 person-years not on ICS (crude incidence rate, 0.117 per person-year). ICS use was associated with a dose-related increase in risk of pneumonia, with adjusted hazard ratios (versus no use; (95% confidence interval) of 1.38 (1.27-1.49) for low-dose users, 1.69 (1.52-1.88) for medium-dose users, and 2.57 (1.98-3.33) for high-dose users (P < 0.01 versus no use and between doses).
conclusionThe use of ICS in newly diagnosed patients with COPD is potentially associated with a dose-related increase in the risk of pneumonia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.