ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Zinc-finger antiviral protein mediates retinoic acid inducible gene I-like receptor-independent antiviral response to murine leukemia virus.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
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- West Nile virus vaccine candidates attenuated by dinucleotide enrichment are immunogenic and protective against lethal infection.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- HIV-2 evades restriction by ZAP through adaptations in the U3 LTR region despite increased CpG levels.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Identification of IFI27 involvement in the progression of neuroblastoma through bioinformatics analysis and experimental assays.Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- Endogenous ZAP is associated with altered Zika virus infection phenotype.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Multi-omic integration reveals alterations in nasal mucosal biology that mediate air pollutant effects on allergic rhinitis.Allergy · 2024Article
- Review
- Maintenance of persistent transmission of a plant arbovirus in its insect vector mediated by the Toll-Dorsal immune pathway.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Versatility of the Zinc-Finger Antiviral Protein (ZAP) As a Modulator of Viral Infections.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Review
- Antiviral Activity of Zinc Finger Antiviral Protein (ZAP) in Different Virus Families.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- ZCCHC3 is a stress granule zinc knuckle protein that strongly suppresses LINE-1 retrotransposition.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Riplet Binds the Zinc Finger Antiviral Protein (ZAP) and Augments ZAP-Mediated Restriction of HIV-1.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- ZAP isoforms regulate unfolded protein response and epithelial- mesenchymal transition.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Cytoplasmic RNA sensors and their interplay with RNA-binding partners in innate antiviral response: theme and variations.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Review
- Poly(ADP-ribose) potentiates ZAP antiviral activity.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- The CCCH-Type Zinc Finger Antiviral Protein Relieves Immunosuppression of T Cells Induced by Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J via the NLP-PKC-δ-NFAT Pathway.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Minimal impact of ZAP on lentiviral vector production and transduction efficiency.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2021Article
- Knockdown of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 3 Negatively Regulates Hepatitis A Virus Replication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
When host cells are infected by an RNA virus, pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize the viral RNA and induce the antiviral innate immunity. Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) detects the genomic RNA of incoming murine leukemia virus (MLV) in endosomes and mediates the antiviral response. However, the RNA-sensing PRR that recognizes the MLV in the cytosol is not fully understood. Here, we definitively demonstrate that zinc-finger antiviral protein (ZAP) acts as a cytosolic RNA sensor, inducing the degradation of the MLV transcripts by the exosome, an RNA degradation system, on RNA granules. Although the retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) RIG-I and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 detect various RNA viruses in the cytosol and induce the type I IFN-dependent antiviral response, RLR loss does not alter the replication efficiency of MLV. In sharp contrast, the loss of ZAP greatly enhances the replication efficiency of MLV. ZAP localizes to RNA granules, where the processing-body and stress-granule proteins assemble. ZAP induces the recruitment of the MLV transcripts and exosome components to the RNA granules. The CCCH-type zinc-finger domains of ZAP, which are RNA-binding motifs, mediate its localization to RNA granules and MLV transcripts degradation by the exosome. Although ZAP was known as a regulator of RIG-I signaling in a human cell line, ZAP deficiency does not affect the RIG-I-dependent production of type I IFN in mouse cells. Thus, ZAP is a unique member of the cytosolic RNA-sensing PRR family that targets and eliminates intracellular RNA viruses independently of TLR and RLR family members.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.