ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2013
Quality of piped and stored water in households with children under five years of age enrolled in the Mali site of the Global Enteric Multi-Center Study (GEMS).
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Supply Type with Fecal Contamination of Source Water and Household Stored Drinking Water in Developing Countries: A Bivariate Meta-analysis.Environmental health perspectives · 2015Pooled it
- Fecal contamination of drinking-water in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2014Pooled it
- A multilevel analysis of basic water availability in Ethiopia using 2016 demographic health survey.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Temperature and precipitation affect the water fetching time burden in Sub-Saharan Africa.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Impact of water, sanitation, and hygiene indicators on enteric viral pathogens among under-5 children in low resource settings.The Science of the total environment · 2025Article
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- Survey-Based Assessment of Water, Sanitation, and Animal-Associated Risk Factors for Moderate-to-Severe Diarrhea in the Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study: The Gambia, Mali, and Kenya, 2015-2018.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Diarrhoea among Children Aged under Five Years and Risk Factors in Informal Settlements: A Cross-Sectional Study in Cape Town, South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- The nexus between improved water supply and water-borne diseases in urban areas in Africa: a scoping review.AAS open research · 2021Article
- The Sustainable Development Goal for Urban Sanitation: Africa's Statistical Tragedy Continues?Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2019Article
- Article
- Article
- Sanitation and Hygiene-Specific Risk Factors for Moderate-to-Severe Diarrhea in Young Children in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, 2007-2011: Case-Control Study.PLoS medicine · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Water, sanitation, and hygiene information was collected during a matched case-control study of moderate and severe diarrhea (MSD) among 4,096 children < 5 years of age in Bamako, Mali. Primary use of piped water (conditional odds ratio [cOR] = 0.45; 0.34-0.62), continuous water access (cOR = 0.30; 0.20-0.43), fetching water daily (cOR = 0.77; 0.63-0.96), and breastfeeding (cOR = 0.65; 0.49-0.88) significantly reduced the likelihood of MSD. Fetching water in > 30 minutes (cOR = 2.56; 1.55-4.23) was associated with MSD. Piped tap water and courier-delivered water contained high (> 2 mg/L) concentrations of free residual chlorine and no detectable Escherichia coli. However, many households stored water overnight, resulting in inadequate free residual chlorine (< 0.2 mg/L) for preventing microbial contamination. Coliforms and E. coli were detected in 48% and 8% of stored household water samples, respectively. Although most of Bamako's population enjoys access to an improved water source, water quality is often compromised during household storage.
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