ArticleResuscitation2013
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to drowning among children and adults from the Utstein Osaka Project.
Article in Resuscitation, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2025 Korean Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Part 3. Adult basic life support.Clinical and experimental emergency medicine · 2026Guideline
- Global burden of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in children: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Pediatric research · 2023Pooled it
- Pediatric cardiac arrest due to drowning and other respiratory etiologies: Neurobehavioral outcomes in initially comatose children.Resuscitation · 2017Trial
- Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Characteristics and Their Association With Survival and Neurobehavioral Outcome.Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies · 2016Trial
- Characteristics of pediatric drowning out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in the United States.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- "Good outcome after drowning with prolonged resuscitation and secondary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring extra-corporeal-membrane-oxygenation - A special case in comparison to the single-center local 10-year experience in pediatric drowning".Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Characteristics and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to drowning - a nationwide registry-based study.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Does adjunctive hemoadsorption provide benefit in the management of ischemia-reperfusion syndrome following near-drowning? A case report.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Rip current knowledge: do people really know its danger? do lifeguards know more than the general public?Heliyon · 2023Article
- Development and Validation of Indicators for Population Injury Surveillance in Hong Kong: Development and Usability Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Review
- Article
- Article
- Adult Basic Life Support: International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations.Resuscitation · 2020Article
- Detection and response to acute systemic hypoxia.BJA education · 2020Article
- Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest due to Drowning in North America: Comparison of Patient Characteristics between Survival and Mortality Groups.Cardiology research and practice · 2020Article
- Review of 14 drowning publications based on the Utstein style for drowning.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2018Review
- Outcome after resuscitation beyond 30 minutes in drowned children with cardiac arrest and hypothermia: Dutch nationwide retrospective cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2015Article
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in near-drowning patients with cardiac or pulmonary failure.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2014Observational
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChildren have better outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) than adults. However, little is known about the difference in outcomes between children and adults after OHCA due to drowning.
objectivesThe aim of this study is to assess the outcome after OHCA due to drowning between children and adults. Our hypothesis is that outcomes after OHCA due to drowning would be in better among children (<18 years old) compared with adults (≥18 years old).
methodThis prospective population-based, observational study included all emergency medical service-treated OHCA due to drowning in Osaka, Japan, between 1999 and 2010 (excluding 2004). Outcomes were evaluated between younger children (0-4 years old), older children (5-17 years old), and adults (≥18 years old). Major outcome measures were one-month survival and neurologically favorable one-month survival defined as cerebral performance category 1 or 2. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to account for potential confounders.
resultsDuring the study period, 66,716 OHCAs were documented, and resuscitation was attempted for 62,048 patients (1300 children [2%] and 60,748 adults [98%]). Among these OHCAs, 1737 (3% of OHCAs) were due to drowning (36 younger children [2%], 32 older children [2%], and 1669 adults [96%]). The odds of one-month survival were significantly higher for younger children (28% [10/36]; adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 20.20 [95% confidence interval {CI} 7.45-54.78]) and older children (9% [3/32]; AOR, 4.47 [95% CI 1.04-19.27]) when compared with adults (2% [28/1669]). However, younger children (6% [2/36]; AOR, 5.23 [95% CI 0.52-51.73]) and older children (3% [1/32]; AOR, 2.53 [95% CI 0.19-34.07]) did not have a higher odds of neurologically favorable outcome than adults (1% [11/1669]).
conclusionIn this large OHCA registry, children had better one-month survival rates after OHCA due to drowning compared with adults. Most survivors in all groups had unfavorable neurological outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.