ArticleBiochimica et biophysica acta2013
Cyclical strain modulates metalloprotease and matrix gene expression in human tenocytes via activation of TGFβ.
Article in Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Mechanical Loading on the Structure and Function of the Achilles Tendon: From Homeostatic Adaptation to Pathological Degeneration.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Review
- Article
- A systematic investigation of the effects of TGF-β3 and mechanical stimulation on tenogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in a poly(ethylene glycol)/gelatin-based hydrogel.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2023Article
- Recent advances in tendon tissue engineering strategy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Foundational Principles and Adaptation of the Healthy and Pathological Achilles Tendon in Response to Resistance Exercise: A Narrative Review and Clinical Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Review
- Tendon healing is adversely affected by low-grade inflammation.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2021Review
- Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Adapt to Chronic Tendon Disease Environment with an Initial Reduction in Matrix Remodeling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Tendinopathy and tendon material response to load: What we can learn from small animal studies.Acta biomaterialia · 2021Review
- The Lack of a Representative Tendinopathy Model Hampers Fundamental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- In Vitro Innovation of Tendon Tissue Engineering Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Epigenetic Status of The HumanJournal of sports science & medicine · 2019Article
- Mechanical loading induces primary cilia disassembly in tendon cells via TGFβ and HDAC6.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Effects of cell adhesion motif, fiber stiffness, and cyclic strain on tenocyte gene expression in a tendon mimetic fiber composite hydrogel.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2018Article
- Fatigue loading of tendon results in collagen kinking and denaturation but does not change local tissue mechanics.Journal of biomechanics · 2018Article
- Estrogen and mechanical loading-related regulation of estrogen receptor-β and apoptosis in tendinopathy.PloS one · 2018Article
- Article
- Who or what controls tendon?Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2017Article
- Recapitulating the Micromechanical Behavior of Tension and Shear in a Biomimetic Hydrogel for Controlling Tenocyte Response.Advanced healthcare materials · 2017Article
- Inflammatory mechanisms in tendinopathy - towards translation.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tendinopathies are a range of diseases characterised by degeneration and chronic tendon pain and represent a significant cause of morbidity. Relatively little is known about the underlying mechanisms; however onset is often associated with physical activity. A number of molecular changes have been documented in tendinopathy such as a decrease in overall collagen content, increased extracellular matrix turnover and protease activity. Metalloproteinases are involved in the homeostasis of the extracellular matrix and expression is regulated by mechanical strain. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of strain upon matrix turnover by measuring metalloproteinase and matrix gene expression and to elucidate the mechanism of action. Primary Human Achilles tenocytes were seeded in type I rat tail collagen gels in a Flexcell™ tissue train system and subjected to 5% cyclic uniaxial strain at 1Hz for 48h. TGFβ1 and TGFβRI inhibitor were added to selected cultures. RNA was measured using qRT-PCR and TGFβ protein levels were determined using a cell based luciferase assay. We observed that mechanical strain regulated the mRNA levels of multiple protease and matrix genes anabolically, and this regulation mirrored that seen with TGFβ stimulation alone. We have also demonstrated that the inhibition of the TGFβ signalling pathway abrogated the strain induced changes in mRNA and that TGFβ activation, rather than gene expression, was increased with mechanical strain. We concluded that TGFβ activation plays an important role in mechanotransduction. Targeting this pathway may have its place in the treatment of tendinopathy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.