Trial reportBMC geriatrics2013
Gender specific age-related changes in bone density, muscle strength and functional performance in the elderly: a-10 year prospective population-based study.
Trial report in BMC geriatrics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- International norms for adult handgrip strength: A systematic review of data on 2.4 million adults aged 20 to 100+ years from 69 countries and regions.Journal of sport and health science · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of fall incidence and risk factors in elderly patients after total joint arthroplasty.Medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Determining Risk of Falls in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Using Posttest Probability.Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001)Pooled it
- Trial
- A graded personalized exercise program's effect on muscle and body fat: randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- The long-term effect of intentional weight loss on changes in bone mineral density in persons with type 2 diabetes: results from the Look AHEAD randomized trial.Archives of osteoporosis · 2023Trial
- Improved balance in middle-aged adults after 8 weeks of a modified version of Otago Exercise Program: A randomized controlled trial.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Cut-points for associations between vitamin D status and multiple musculoskeletal outcomes in middle-aged women.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017Trial
- Body mass index is associated with physical performance in suburb-dwelling older chinese: a cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Cognitive speed of processing training in older adults with visual impairments.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2014Trial
- Twelve weeks of BodyBalance® training improved balance and functional task performance in middle-aged and older adults.Clinical interventions in aging · 2014Trial
- Pro-longevity compounds extend Caenorhabditis elegans male lifespan and reproductive healthspan.GeroScience · 2026Article
- High prevalence of low bone mineral density in wheelchair users regardless of sports participation: a cross-sectional analysis of the bonewheel study.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Effects of a Combined Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention on Bone Density, Lean Mass and Fat Mass in Adults: The GOTO Trial.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Article
- Associations between independent or concurrent decline in upper and lower limb strength and cognitive impairment.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Comparison of Lower Limb Muscle Strength Imbalances and Gait Performance in Postmenopausal Women with Healthy and Low Bone Mineral Density.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Factors Associated with Health Service Use for Self-Reported Balance Problems in Community-Dwelling Adults: A Secondary Analysis of Nationally Representative NHANES 2001-2004 Data.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Frailty: An overlooked red flag in sports surgery.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Advantages of measuring hand grip strength in osteoporosis patients.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAge-related losses in bone mineral density (BMD), muscle strength, balance, and gait have been linked to an increased risk of falls, fractures and disability, but few prospective studies have compared the timing, rate and pattern of changes in each of these measures in middle-aged and older men and women. This is important so that targeted strategies can be developed to optimise specific musculoskeletal and functional performance measures in older adults. Thus, the aim of this 10-year prospective study was to: 1) characterize and compare age- and gender-specific changes in BMD, grip strength, balance and gait in adults aged 50 years and over, and 2) compare the relative rates of changes between each of these musculoskeletal and functional parameters with ageing.
methodsMen (n = 152) and women (n = 206) aged 50, 60, 70 and 80 years recruited for a population-based study had forearm BMD, grip strength, balance and gait velocity re-assessed after 10-years.
resultsThe annual loss in BMD was 0.5-0.7% greater in women compared to men aged 60 years and older (p < 0.05- < 0.001), but there were no gender differences in the rate of loss in grip strength, balance or gait. From the age of 50 years there was a consistent pattern of loss in grip strength, while the greatest deterioration in balance and gait occurred from 60 and 70 years onwards, respectively. Comparison of the changes between the different measures revealed that the annual loss in grip strength in men and women aged <70 years was 1-3% greater than the decline in BMD, balance and gait velocity.
conclusionThere were no gender differences in the timing (age) and rate (magnitude) of decline in grip strength, balance or gait in Swedish adults aged 50 years and older, but forearm BMD decreased at a greater rate in women than in men. Furthermore, there was heterogeneity in the rate of loss between the different musculoskeletal and function parameters, especially prior to the age of 70 years, with grip strength deteriorating at a greater rate than BMD, balance and gait.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.