SynthesisEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2013
Body mass index and risk of surgical site infection following spine surgery: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 134 citations in OpenAlex.
- What are the risk factors for surgical site infection after spinal fusion? A meta-analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2018Pooled it
- [Prevention of postoperative infections : Risk factors and the current WHO guidelines in musculoskeletal surgery].Der Unfallchirurg · 2017Pooled it
- Degenerative spondylolisthesis: contemporary review of the role of interbody fusion.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2017Pooled it
- Prophylactic PICOWorld journal of emergency surgery : WJES · 2024Trial
- Prognostic Factors for Postoperative Complications. An Aggregate Protocol for 10 Observational Studies From the Danish TRIPLE-A Cohort of 1.2 Million Surgeries.Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Early Discontinuation of Prophylactic Antibiotics Is Not Associated with Increased Surgical Site Infection Risk in Spine Surgery: A Nationwide Cohort Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels predicting the surgical site infection in spinal surgery: a systematic review.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2025Review
- Redefining Surgical Boundaries for Obese Patients? Full Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy Proves Equally Effective With Shorter Hospital Stay in Obese Patients.International journal of spine surgery · 2025Article
- Comparison of Outcomes Between Staged and Same-Day Circumferential Spinal Fusion for Adult Spinal Deformity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Interactive journal of medical research · 2025Review
- A retrospective cohort review of BMI on SI joint fusion outcomes: examining the evidence to improve insurance guidelines.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025Article
- Visceral fat: the hidden culprit behind thoracolumbar surgery infections.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
- Does obesity and varying body mass index affect the clinical outcomes and safety of biportal endoscopic lumbar decompression? A comparative cohort study.Acta neurochirurgica · 2024Article
- Machine learning application for prediction of surgical site infection after posterior cervical surgery.International wound journal · 2024Article
- Spectrum of Surgical Site Infection Pathogens in Chronic Infectious Spondylitis Requiring Revision Surgery: A 5-Year Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Reduction of Instrumentation-Related Spine Surgical Site Infections After Optimization of Surgical Techniques. A Single Center Retrospective Analysis.Global spine journal · 2024Article
- Biportal endoscopic discectomy versus tubular microscopic discectomy for treating single-level lumbar disc herniation in obese patients: a multicenter, retrospective analysis.Acta neurochirurgica · 2023Article
- Full-endoscopic technique mitigates obesity-related perioperative morbidity of minimally invasive lumbar decompression.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023Article
- Predictors for surgical site infection after fasciotomy in patients with acute leg compartment syndrome.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Article
- Incidence and risk factors of delayed wound healing in patients who underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.International wound journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeInconsistent results have been reported in the literature on the association between obesity, expressed as increased body mass index (BMI), and risk for surgical site infection (SSI) following spine surgery. The objective of this study was to review and quantify the association between increased BMI and risk of spinal SSI in adults.
methodsWe performed a comprehensive search for relevant studies using PubMed, Embase, and references of published manuscripts. Study-specific risk measures were transformed into slope estimates and combined using the random effects meta-analysis model to establish the risk of SSI associated with every 5-unit increase in BMI.
resultsThirty-four articles underwent full-text review. Variations were noted among these studies in relation to SSI diagnosis criteria and BMI cut-off levels used to define obesity. Data from 12 retrospective studies were included in the analyses. Results showed that BMI was significantly positively associated with the risk of spinal SSI. Unadjusted risk estimates demonstrated that a 5-unit increase in BMI was associated with 13 % increased risk of SSI [Crude odds ratio (OR): 1.13; 95 % CI: 1.07-1.19, p < 0.0001]. Pooling of risk estimates adjusted for diabetes and other confounders resulted in a 21 % increase in risk of spinal SSI for every 5-unit increase in BMI (adjusted OR: 1.21; 95 % CI 1.13-1.29, p < 0.0001).
conclusionHigher BMI is associated with the increased risk of SSI following spine surgery. Prospective studies are needed to confirm this association and to determine whether other measures of fat distribution are better predictors of risk of SSI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.