ArticleInternational journal of pharmaceutics2013
Biodegradable multiblock poly(N-2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide gemcitabine and paclitaxel conjugates for ovarian cancer cell combination treatment.
Article in International journal of pharmaceutics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nanocarrier drug delivery systems for gynecological cancer therapeutics.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Review
- Synthesis and Characterization of Polymer-Drug Conjugates by Strain-Promoted Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition-Mediated Polymerization.Journal of applied polymer science · 2025Article
- Gemcitabine-Doxorubicin Combination Polymer-Drug Conjugate Prepared by SPAAC Click Chemistry: In Vitro Characterization.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Stimuli-sensitive polymer prodrug nanocarriers by reversible-deactivation radical polymerization.Chemical Society reviews · 2024Review
- A sulfobetaine zwitterionic polymer-drug conjugate for multivalent paclitaxel and gemcitabine co-delivery.Biomaterials science · 2021Article
- HPMA Copolymer-Based Nanomedicines in Controlled Drug Delivery.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- Folic Acid-Doxorubicin-Double-Functionalized-Lipid-Core Nanocapsules: Synthesis, Chemical Structure Elucidation, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation on Ovarian (OVCAR-3) and Bladder (T24) Cancer Cell Lines.Pharmaceutical research · 2021Article
- Polymer nanomedicines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Review
- Single-Emulsion P(HB-HV) Microsphere Preparation Tuned by Copolymer Molar Mass and Additive Interaction.ACS omega · 2019Article
- A multifunctional biodegradable brush polymer-drug conjugate for paclitaxel/gemcitabine co-delivery and tumor imaging.Nanoscale advances · 2019Article
- The Light at the End of the Tunnel-Second Generation HPMA Conjugates for Cancer Treatment.Current opinion in colloid & interface science · 2017Article
- Investigation into the Biological Impact of Block Size on Cathepsin S-Degradable HPMA Copolymers.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2017Article
- Backbone Degradable N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide Copolymer Conjugates with Gemcitabine and Paclitaxel: Impact of Molecular Weight on Activity toward Human Ovarian Carcinoma Xenografts.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2017Article
- Polymer conjugate of a microtubule destabilizer inhibits lung metastatic melanoma.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2017Article
- Design of smart HPMA copolymer-based nanomedicines.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2016Review
- Poly (l-γ-glutamylglutamine) Polymer Enhances Doxorubicin Accumulation in Multidrug Resistant Breast Cancer Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Article
- Effect of Aromatic Substitution of Curcumin Nanoformulations on Their Stability.Scientia pharmaceutica · 2016Article
- Polymer-Based Prodrugs: Improving Tumor Targeting and the Solubility of Small Molecule Drugs in Cancer Therapy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Review
- POLYMERIC BIOMATERIALS AND NANOMEDICINES.Journal of drug delivery science and technology · 2015Article
- Degradable vinyl polymers for biomedical applications.Nature chemistry · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of a combination delivery of multiblock poly(N-2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA), gemcitabine (GEM) and paclitaxel (PTX) conjugates is described in this study. Multiblock copolymer conjugates of a large molecular weight (Mw>200 kDa) were studied and compared to traditional, small molecular weight (Mw<45 kDa) conjugates. Stability of the conjugates in different pH was assessed, and their cytotoxicity in combination toward A2780 human ovarian cancer cells was evaluated by combination index analysis. Treatment duration (4 and 72 h) and sequence of addition were explored. In addition, an HPMA copolymer conjugate with both GEM and PTX in the side chains was evaluated in a similar manner and compared to a physical mixture of individual conjugates. Conjugates with narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn<1.1) were obtained via RAFT polymerization, and drug loadings of between 5.5 and 9.2 wt% were achieved. Conjugates demonstrated moderate stability with less than 65% release over 24h at pH 7.4, and near complete drug release in the presence of the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin B in 3h. In combination, the cytotoxic effects of a mixture of the conjugates were primarily additive. Synergistic effects were observed when A2780 human ovarian cancer cells were treated simultaneously for 4h with multiblock conjugates (CI<0.7). When both GEM and PTX were conjugated to the same copolymer backbone, moderate antagonism (CI 1.3-1.6) was observed. These results demonstrate that multiblock HPMA copolymer-GEM and -PTX conjugates, when delivered as a mixture of individual agents, are promising for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.