ArticleInternational journal of clinical and experimental pathology2013
The expression patterns of gremlin 1 and noggin in normal adult and tumor tissues.
Article in International journal of clinical and experimental pathology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Profibrogenic Gremlin-1 expression in prostate cancer and the clinicopathologic association.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Grem1 inhibits osteogenic differentiation of MBMSCs in OVX rats through BMP/Smad1/5 signaling pathway.Regenerative therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Insights into the Role of Gremlin-1, a Bone Morphogenic Protein Antagonist, in Cancer Initiation and Progression.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Article
- Prognostic value of noggin protein expression in patients with resected gastric cancer.BMC cancer · 2021Article
- Gremlin 1Nature immunology · 2021Article
- Targeted Disruption of Bone Marrow Stromal Cell-Derived Gremlin1 Limits Multiple Myeloma Disease Progression In Vivo.Cancers · 2020Article
- Targeting chemoresistant colorectal cancer via systemic administration of a BMP7 variant.Oncogene · 2020Article
- Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of Hapto and Gremlin1 expression in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Journal of Cancer · 2020Article
- Human esophageal myofibroblast secretion of bone morphogenetic proteins and GREMLIN1 and paracrine regulation of squamous epithelial growth.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Expression of gremlin1 in gastric cancer and its clinical significance.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2018Article
- Gremlin1 plays a key role in kidney development and renal fibrosis.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2017Article
- Monomeric gremlin is a novel vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 antagonist.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- BMP pathway suppression is an early event in inflammation-driven colon neoplasmatogenesis of uPA-deficient mice.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2016Article
- Activin/nodal signaling switches the terminal fate of human embryonic stem cell-derived trophoblasts.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2015Article
- The DAN family: modulators of TGF-β signaling and beyond.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2014Review
- Increased Expression of Gremlin1 Promotes Proliferation and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Gastric Cancer Cells and Correlates With Poor Prognosis of Patients With Gastric Cancer.Cancer genomics & proteomicsArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gremlin 1 and noggin are inhibitors of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. They are vital during early development but their role in adult tissues has remained largely unresolved. The BMP signaling pathway has also been implicated in tumorigenesis, however with emphasis on the role of the ligands and receptors. We performed a concurrent survey of gremlin 1 and noggin protein expression in multiple normal and cancer samples, using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays containing 96 samples from 34 different normal organs/tissue sites and 208 samples of 34 different tumor types. In majority of both normal and tumor samples, gremlin 1 and noggin expression was negative or weak. However, normal stomach and skin demonstrated distinct gremlin 1 and noggin expression indicating a role in adult tissues. Likewise, strong expression of both antagonists was detected in Leydig cells of testis. In the tumor panel, the expression patterns were more variable but elevated BMP antagonist expression was detected for the first time in few cases, such as glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and diffuse B-cell lymphoma for gremlin 1 and renal granular cell tumor and thyroid papillary carcinoma for noggin. Even though gremlin 1 and noggin were not widely expressed in adult tissues, in a subset of organs their expression pattern indicated a potential role in normal tissue homeostasis as well as in malignancies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
23826422PMC3693206W1567815848What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.