ArticlePloS one2013
An oxygenase-independent cholesterol catabolic pathway operates under oxic conditions.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Degradation of Bile Acids by Soil and Water Bacteria.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Universal capability of 3-ketosteroid ΔMicrobial cell factories · 2021Article
- ATP-dependent hydroxylation of an unactivated primary carbon with water.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Review
- Article
- Functional Characterization of Three Specific Acyl-Coenzyme A Synthetases Involved in Anaerobic Cholesterol Degradation in Sterolibacterium denitrificans Chol1S.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2018Article
- Identification of Comamonas testosteroni as an androgen degrader in sewage.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Integrated multi-omics analyses reveal the biochemical mechanisms and phylogenetic relevance of anaerobic androgen biodegradation in the environment.The ISME journal · 2016Article
- Substrate uptake and subcellular compartmentation of anoxic cholesterol catabolism in Sterolibacterium denitrificans.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2015Article
- 3-Ketosteroid 9α-hydroxylase enzymes: Rieske non-heme monooxygenases essential for bacterial steroid degradation.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2014Review
- Anoxic androgen degradation by the denitrifying bacterium Sterolibacterium denitrificans via the 2,3-seco pathway.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2014Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cholesterol is one of the most ubiquitous compounds in nature. The 9,10-seco-pathway for the aerobic degradation of cholesterol was established thirty years ago. This pathway is characterized by the extensive use of oxygen and oxygenases for substrate activation and ring fission. The classical pathway was the only catabolic pathway adopted by all studies on cholesterol-degrading bacteria. Sterolibacterium denitrificans can degrade cholesterol regardless of the presence of oxygen. Here, we aerobically grew the model organism with (13)C-labeled cholesterol, and substrate consumption and intermediate production were monitored over time. Based on the detected (13)C-labeled intermediates, this study proposes an alternative cholesterol catabolic pathway. This alternative pathway differs from the classical 9,10-seco-pathway in numerous important aspects. First, substrate activation proceeds through anaerobic C-25 hydroxylation and subsequent isomerization to form 26-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one. Second, after the side chain degradation, the resulting androgen intermediate is activated by adding water to the C-1/C-2 double bond. Third, the cleavage of the core ring structure starts at the A-ring via a hydrolytic mechanism. The (18)O-incorporation experiments confirmed that water is the sole oxygen donor in this catabolic pathway.
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