ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2013
When should a trophically and vertically transmitted parasite manipulate its intermediate host? The case of Toxoplasma gondii.
Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mathematical modelling ofFood and waterborne parasitology · 2021Review
- To block or not to block: The adaptive manipulation of plague transmission.Evolution letters · 2019Article
- Human impact on the diversity and virulence of the ubiquitous zoonotic parasiteProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Winning the arms race: host-parasite shared evolutionary history reduces infection risks in fish final hosts.Biology letters · 2018Article
- Parasite infection and host personality:Behavioral ecology and sociobiology · 2018Article
- The evolution of transmission mode.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2017Review
- Spatial structure, transmission modes and the evolution of viral exploitation strategies.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Parasites with complex life cycles are expected to manipulate the behaviour of their intermediate hosts (IHs), which increase their predation rate and facilitate the transmission to definitive hosts (DHs). This ability, however, is a double-edged sword when the parasite can also be transmitted vertically in the IH. In this situation, as the manipulation of the IH behaviour increases the IH death rate, it conflicts with vertical transmission, which requires healthy and reproducing IHs. The protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, a widespread pathogen, combines both trophic and vertical transmission strategies. Is parasite manipulation of host behaviour still adaptive in this situation? We model the evolution of the IH manipulation by T. gondii to study the conflict between these two routes of transmission under different epidemiological situations. Model outputs show that manipulation is particularly advantageous for virulent strains and in epidemic situations, and that different levels of manipulation may evolve depending on the sex of the IH and the transmission routes considered. These results may help to understand the variability of strain characteristics encountered for T. gondii and may extend to other trophically transmitted parasites.
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