ArticleJournal of virology2013
Expanded cocirculation of stable subtypes, emerging lineages, and new sporadic reassortants of porcine influenza viruses in swine populations in Northwest Germany.
Article in Journal of virology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Longitudinal Surveillance of Influenza A Virus Exposure in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in Spain (2015-2023): Serologic and Virologic Evidence of Subtype Infections and H5N1 Spillover Risk.Zoonoses and public health · 2026Article
- Diverse genomic landscape of swine influenza A virus in England (2014-2021).Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- High serological barriers may contribute to restricted Influenza-A-virus transmission between pigs and humans.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Effect of stabilizers on the detection of swine influenza A virus (swIAV) in spiked oral fluids over time.Porcine health management · 2024Article
- Article
- Pathogenicity and escape to pre-existing immunity of a new genotype of swine influenza H1N2 virus that emerged in France in 2020.Veterinary research · 2024Article
- Influenza surveillance in pigs: balancing act between broad diagnostic coverage and specific virus characterization.Porcine health management · 2024Article
- Emergence of swine influenza A virus, porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in porcine respiratory disease in Germany.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- Influenza A Virus in Pigs in Senegal and Risk Assessment of Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) Emergence and Transmission to Human.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Protein sequence features of H1N1 swine influenza A viruses detected on commercial swine farms in Serbia.Journal of veterinary research · 2023Article
- Influenza A in Wild Boars: Viral Circulation in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Northern Italy) between 2017 and 2022.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Genetic Variability among Swine Influenza Viruses in Italy: Data Analysis of the Period 2017-2020.Viruses · 2021Article
- Article
- Diversity of influenza A viruses retrieved from respiratory disease outbreaks and subclinically infected herds in Spain (2017-2019).Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- Substantial Antigenic Drift in the Hemagglutinin Protein of Swine Influenza A Viruses.Viruses · 2020Article
- Influenza A Virus in Swine: Epidemiology, Challenges and Vaccination Strategies.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2020Review
- Reproductive performance of pandemic influenza A virus infected sow herds before and after implementation of a vaccine against the influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus.Porcine health management · 2020Article
- Challenges of influenza A viruses in humans and animals and current animal vaccines as an effective control measure.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2018Review
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10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The emergence of the human 2009 pandemic H1N1 (H1N1pdm) virus from swine populations refocused public and scientific attention on swine as an important source of influenza A viruses bearing zoonotic potential. Widespread and year-round circulation of at least four stable lineages of porcine influenza viruses between 2009 and 2012 in a region of Germany with a high-density swine population is documented here. European avian influenza virus-derived H1N1 (H1N1av) viruses dominated the epidemiology, followed by human-derived subtypes H1N2 and H3N2. H1N1pdm viruses and, in particular, recently emerging reassortants between H1N1pdm and porcine HxN2 viruses (H1pdmN2) were detected in about 8% of cases. Further reassortants between these main lineages were diagnosed sporadically. Ongoing diversification both at the phylogenetic and at the antigenic level was evident for the H1N1av lineage and for some of its reassortants. The H1avN2 reassortant R1931/11 displayed conspicuously distinct genetic and antigenic features and was easily transmitted from pig to pig in an experimental infection. Continuing diverging evolution was also observed in the H1pdmN2 lineage. These viruses carry seven genome segments of the H1N1pdm virus, including a hemagglutinin gene that encodes a markedly antigenically altered protein. The zoonotic potential of this lineage remains to be determined. The results highlight the relevance of surveillance and control of porcine influenza virus infections. This is important for the health status of swine herds. In addition, a more exhaustive tracing of the formation, transmission, and spread of new reassortant influenza A viruses with unknown zoonotic potential is urgently required.
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