ArticleNature2013
Vascularized and functional human liver from an iPSC-derived organ bud transplant.
Article in Nature, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1,076 papers.
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Who cites it
1,076 citing papers in PubMed, 2,108 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Scalable synthetic peptide hydrogel enables self-organized luminal cavity architecture within hiPSC 3D colonies supporting functional hepatocyte differentiation.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Label-free 4D holotomography with depth-adaptive segmentation for quantitative analysis of lipid droplet dynamics in hepatic organoids.Biophotonics discovery · 2026Article
- A 3D In Vitro Model of the Human Hepatobiliary Junction.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Advances and applications of brain organoids in central nervous system disorders: Bridging the gap from laboratory to clinic.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- New developments and applications of human organoids.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Review
- Synthetic developmental engineering of human liver organogenesis.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026Review
1,016 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A critical shortage of donor organs for treating end-stage organ failure highlights the urgent need for generating organs from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Despite many reports describing functional cell differentiation, no studies have succeeded in generating a three-dimensional vascularized organ such as liver. Here we show the generation of vascularized and functional human liver from human iPSCs by transplantation of liver buds created in vitro (iPSC-LBs). Specified hepatic cells (immature endodermal cells destined to track the hepatic cell fate) self-organized into three-dimensional iPSC-LBs by recapitulating organogenetic interactions between endothelial and mesenchymal cells. Immunostaining and gene-expression analyses revealed a resemblance between in vitro grown iPSC-LBs and in vivo liver buds. Human vasculatures in iPSC-LB transplants became functional by connecting to the host vessels within 48 hours. The formation of functional vasculatures stimulated the maturation of iPSC-LBs into tissue resembling the adult liver. Highly metabolic iPSC-derived tissue performed liver-specific functions such as protein production and human-specific drug metabolism without recipient liver replacement. Furthermore, mesenteric transplantation of iPSC-LBs rescued the drug-induced lethal liver failure model. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the generation of a functional human organ from pluripotent stem cells. Although efforts must ensue to translate these techniques to treatments for patients, this proof-of-concept demonstration of organ-bud transplantation provides a promising new approach to study regenerative medicine.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.