Trial reportClinical interventions in aging2013
Patients undergoing long-term treatment with antihypertensive eye drops responded positively with respect to their ocular surface disorder to oral supplementation with antioxidants and essential fatty acids.
Trial report in Clinical interventions in aging, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Tocotrienol Treatment in Familial Dysautonomia: Open-Label Pilot Study.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2016Trial
- Oxidative Stress in Dry Eye Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Associations of human blood metabolome with optic neurodegenerative diseases: a bi-directionally systematic mendelian randomization study.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- Role of Inflammation in Canine Primary Glaucoma.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Tear biomarkers in dry eye disease: Progress in the last decade.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Oxidative Stress in the Anterior Ocular Diseases: Diagnostic and Treatment.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Review
- Clinical Tear Fluid Proteomics-A Novel Tool in Glaucoma Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Intense pulsed light-based treatment for the improvement of symptoms in glaucoma patients treated with hypotensive eye drops.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2022Article
- Multiplex protein analysis for the study of glaucoma.Expert review of proteomics · 2021Review
- Searching for the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Neuroprotective Potential of Natural Food and Nutritional Supplements for Ocular Health in the Mediterranean Population.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Signature of Circulating Biomarkers in Recurrent Non-Infectious Anterior Uveitis. Immunomodulatory Effects of DHA-Triglyceride. A Pilot Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Antioxidant Activity and Neuroprotective Role of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Supplementation in Eye Diseases That Can Lead to Blindness: A Narrative Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Glaucoma and Antioxidants: Review and Update.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Effect of subconjunctival injection with conbercept as an adjuvant to filtration surgery for open angle glaucoma: a prospective randomized interventional 6-month follow-up study.International journal of ophthalmology · 2019Article
- RGN-259 (thymosin β4) improves clinically important dry eye efficacies in comparison with prescription drugs in a dry eye model.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Supplementation with a highly concentrated docosahexaenoic acid plus xanthophyll carotenoid multivitamin in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy: prospective controlled study of macular function by fundus microperimetry.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Article
- Effects of silk fibroin in murine dry eye.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Eclectic Ocular Comorbidities and Systemic Diseases with Eye Involvement: A Review.BioMed research international · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGlaucoma and dry eye disorders (DEDs) are frequent comorbidities. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids have been extensively studied in relation to eye diseases.
objectiveOur objective was to determine the effects of oral supplementation with a combined formulation of antioxidants and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids on expression of cytokines and chemokines in tears from patients with DEDs or primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).
methodsParticipants (n = 97) were distributed into three groups: (1) individuals with nonsevere DEDs (DEDG), (2) individuals with nonadvanced POAG (POAGG), and (3) healthy controls. These groups were randomized into two subgroups: one received a daily antioxidant and essential polyunsaturated fatty acid supplement (two pills) for 3 months (+S), and the other did not (-NS). Participants were interviewed and ophthalmologically examined. Concentrations of specific cytokines and chemokines in reflex tears were determined by multiplexed particle-based flow cytometry. The data were analyzed statistically (SPSS version 15.0).
resultsComparison of the results from the DEDG and POAGG patients showed significant differences in tear expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (P = 0.008), tumor necrosis factor α (P = 0.005), vascular endothelial growth factor (P = 0.038), interleukin-4 (P = 0.030), and interleukin-6 (P = 0.044). The main signs and symptoms of dry eyes such as dryness, burning, photophobia, eye heaviness, and blurred vision, as well as positive changes in eyelashes, hair, nails and skin, were significantly improved in DEDG +S and POAGG +S patients relative to unsupplemented patients.
conclusionInflammation biomarkers were differentially expressed in glaucomatous tears, but the differences changed upon antioxidant/essential polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation. Chronic instillation of antihypertensive eye drops must be considered for integrating protocols to glaucoma standards of care.
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