SynthesisPathogens and global health2013
Antibiotics for human toxoplasmosis: a systematic review of randomized trials.
Synthesis in Pathogens and global health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical outcomes of intravitreal treatment for ocular toxoplasmosis: systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2023Pooled it
- Adverse Event Profile of Pyrimethamine-Based Therapy in Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review.Drugs in R&D · 2017Pooled it
- Toxoplasmic encephalitis relapse rates with pyrimethamine-based therapy: systematic review and meta-analysis.Pathogens and global health · 2017Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Medicines in Humans.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Addressing printability of poorly flowable drug by wet granulation: understanding interplays of formulation and process variables on critical quality attributes of sulfadiazine printlets.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Computational Structural Comparison of Toxoplasma gondii CDPK1 and Human BUB1 kinases: Implications for Selective Inhibitor Design.ACS omega · 2025Article
- A review of natural products as a source of next-generation drugs against apicomplexan parasites.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2025Review
- Phytochemical content of Cycas rumphii n-butanol fraction and antiprotozoal activity against Toxoplasma gondii in vivo.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Vesicular mechanisms of drug resistance in apicomplexan parasites.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Considerations on Structural Vaccinology and Epitope Screening of Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases 8 as a Potential Vaccine Target AgainstInterdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Preventing laboratory-acquiredFrontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Diseases Caused by and Behaviors Associated withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effective factors in the pathogenesis ofHeliyon · 2024Review
- Pharmacological validation of dihydrofolate reductase as a drug target inAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Visible light-driven photocatalysts, quantum chemical calculations, ADMET-SAR parameters, and DNA binding studies of nickel complex of sulfadiazine.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Quercetin inhibits Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite proliferation and acts synergically with azithromycin.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- The use of azithromycin and pyrimethamine for treatment of cerebral toxoplasmosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a systematic review.Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Article
- Significant clinical outcome using pyrimethamine and clindamycin in cerebral toxoplasmosis with severe edema: a case report.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- A Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Study Revealed the Mechanisms of Lumefantrine Inhibition ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Protein kinases on carbon metabolism: potential targets for alternative chemotherapies against toxoplasmosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The efficacy of different treatment regimens in clinical syndromes of toxoplasmosis were assessed by conducting a systematic review of published randomized clinical trials through extensive searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS with no date limits, as well as manual review of journals. Outcome measures varied depending on the clinical entity of toxoplasmosis. Risk of bias was evaluated and quality of evidence was graded. Fourteen randomized trials were included of which one was a non-comparative study. One well-designed trial showed that trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole was more effective than placebo for clinical recovery of toxoplasmic lymphadenopathy in immunocompetent hosts. For toxoplasmic encephalopathy, efficacy of pyrimethamine+sulphadiazine and trimethoprim+sulphamethoxazole were similar, whereas pyrimethamine+sulphadiazine versus pyrimathamine+clindamycin showed no difference, irrespective of the outcome. Intravitreal clindamycin+dexamethasone and conventional treatment with oral pyrimethamine+sulphadiazine had similar efficacy with regard to all outcome measures in ocular toxoplasmosis, and intravitreal therapy was found to be safe. Adverse effects seemed more common with pyrimethamine+sulphadiazine. Most trials for encephalitis and ocular manifestations had a high risk of bias and were of poor methodological quality. There were no trials evaluating drugs for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy, or for congenital toxoplasmosis. Pyrimethamine+sulphadiazine is an effective therapy for treatment of toxoplasmic encephalitis; trimethoprim+sulphamethoxazole and pyrimethamine+clindamycin are possible alternatives. Treatment with either oral or intravitreal antibiotics seems reasonable for ocular toxoplasmosis. Overall, trial evidence for the efficacy of these drugs for toxoplasmosis is poor, and further well-designed trials are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.