Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23813703›Full record

SynthesisAmerican journal of epidemiology2013

Risk of pelvic inflammatory disease following Chlamydia trachomatis infection: analysis of prospective studies with a multistate model.

Malcolm J Price, A E Ades, Daniela De Angelis, Nicky J Welton, John Macleod, Kate Soldan, Ian Simms, Katy Turner, Paddy J Horner

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in American journal of epidemiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04954495 (Sexually Transmitted Infections With Mycoplasma Genitalium), which is not on this map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
11.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04954495 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Sexually Transmitted Infections With Mycoplasma Genitalium: Epidemiological, Clinical, Microbiological, Therapeutic Aspects

TypeobservationalSponsorFondation Hôpital Saint-JosephRan2021 to 2024Enrolled100ConditionsAnorectal Infection
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 162 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Chlamydia (uncomplicated, genital).BMJ clinical evidence · 2015
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between Mycoplasma genitalium and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Observational
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Role of D(-)-Lactic Acid in Prevention ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Malcolm J PriceSchool of Health and Population Sciences, Public Health Building, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom. m.price.2@bham.ac.uk
A E Ades
Daniela De Angelis
Nicky J Welton
John Macleod
Kate Soldan
Ian Simms
Katy Turner
Paddy J Horner
University of Birmingham · GB

Funding

Department of Health PDF-2009-02-55Medical Research Council G0801947Medical Research Council G0802413Medical Research Council MC_U105260556
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Our objective in this study was to estimate the probability that a Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection will cause an episode of clinical pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and the reduction in such episodes among women with CT that could be achieved by annual screening. We reappraised evidence from randomized controlled trials of screening and controlled observational studies that followed untreated CT-infected and -uninfected women to measure the development of PID. Data from these studies were synthesized using a continuous-time Markov model which takes into account the competing risk of spontaneous clearance of CT. Using a 2-step piecewise homogenous Markov model that accounts for the distinction between prevalent and incident infections, we investigated the possibility that the rate of PID due to CT is greater during the period immediately following infection. The available data were compatible with both the homogenous and piecewise homogenous models. Given a homogenous model, the probability that a CT episode will cause clinical PID was 0.16 (95% credible interval (CrI): 0.06, 0.25), and annual screening would prevent 61% (95% CrI: 55, 67) of CT-related PID in women who became infected with CT. Assuming a piecewise homogenous model with a higher rate during the first 60 days, corresponding results were 0.16 (95% CrI: 0.07, 0.26) and 55% (95% CrI: 32, 72), respectively.

Indexed as

Chlamydia trachomatisModels, StatisticalCausalityChlamydia InfectionsComorbidityDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansIncidenceMarkov ChainsMass ScreeningPelvic Inflammatory DiseasePrevalenceProspective StudiesBayesian analysiscausal effectChlamydia trachomatisMarkov modelmass screeningmeta-analysispelvic inflammatory diseaseprospective studies

Identifiers

PMID23813703
PMCPMC3727337
OpenAlexW2148452228

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.