ArticleObstetrics and gynecology2013
Risk of large-for-gestational-age newborns in women with gestational diabetes by race and ethnicity and body mass index categories.
Article in Obstetrics and gynecology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Maternal lipid levels in pregnant women without complications in developing risk of large for gestational age newborns: a study of meta-analysis.F1000Research · 2020Pooled it
- Neonatal, infant, and childhood growth following metformin versus insulin treatment for gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2019Pooled it
- User Experience of a Web-Based Mobile Health App Supporting Low-Income Pregnant Individuals With Diabetes: Mixed Methods Study.JMIR human factors · 2026Trial
- A 'Standard of Care PLUS' Model for Preterm Birth Prevention: Integrating Nutrient and Gene Variant Analysis with Targeted Interventions.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- A prospective study of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), stress, and birth size in a cohort of U.S. Black women.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Associations between maternal fish intakes, maternal and cord PUFA and longitudinal measures of child weight at birth, 20 months and at 7 and 13 years of age.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among Asian Individuals With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the U.S., 2016-2021.Diabetes care · 2025Article
- Disparities in Diabetes in Pregnancy and the Role of Social Determinants of Health.Current diabetes reports · 2025Review
- Maternal Fasting Plasma Glucose, Age and Body Mass Index as Prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Iran.Iranian journal of public health · 2024Article
- Inappropriate Birth Weight for Gestational Age Among Newborns Born at Dessie Referral Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study.International journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- The translation and psychometrics Persian version of irrational food belief scale.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Taxonomic and Functional Shifts in the Perinatal Gut Microbiome of Rhesus Macaques.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Distinct cord blood C-peptide, adipokine, and lipidomic signatures by in utero HIV exposure.Pediatric research · 2022Article
- Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among Pregnant Individuals With Gestational Diabetes by Race and Ethnicity in the United States, 2014-2020.JAMA · 2022 · on this mapArticle
- Article
- Accelerated developmental adipogenesis programs adipose tissue dysfunction and cardiometabolic risk in offspring born to dams with metabolic dysfunction.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
- Translating Research on Diabetes and Obesity in Pregnancy Into Prevention: The 2019 Norbert Freinkel Award Lecture.Diabetes care · 2020Article
- Caucasian and Asian difference in role of type 1 diabetes on large-for-gestational-age neonates.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Article
- Maternal prepregnancy BMI and size at birth: race/ethnicity-stratified, within-family associations in over 500,000 siblings.Annals of epidemiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the prevalence of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) newborns across categories of body mass index (BMI) in five racial and ethnic groups.
methodsThis cohort study examined 7,468 women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who delivered a live newborn between 1995 and 2006 at Kaiser Permanente Northern California. The racial and ethnic groups were non-Hispanic white, African American, Hispanic, Asian, and Filipina. The BMI was classified using the World Health Organization International guidelines (normal, 18.50-24.99; overweight, 25.00-29.99; obese, 30.00-34.99; obese class II, 35.00 or higher). Having an LGA newborn was defined as birth weight more than 90th percentile for the study population's race or ethnicity and gestational age--specific birth weight distribution. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds of having an LGA newborn by BMI and race and ethnicity.
resultsOverall prevalence of LGA newborns was highest in African American women (25.1%), lowest in Asians (13.9%), and intermediate among Hispanic (17.3%), white (16.4%), and Filipina women (15.3%). The highest increased risk of LGA newborns was observed among women with class II obesity in most racial and ethnic groups, and African American and Asian women with class II obesity had a four-fold increased risk of LGA newborns compared with women of normal weight in the same racial and ethnic group.
conclusionsAfrican American women with GDM have a greater risk of LGA newborns at a lower BMI than other racial and ethnic groups. Clinicians should be aware that among women with GDM, there may be significant racial and ethnic differences in the risk of LGA newborns by BMI threshold.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.