ArticleMucosal immunology2014
Acting locally: innate mucosal immunity in resistance to HIV-1 infection in Kenyan commercial sex workers.
Article in Mucosal immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural Immunity to HIV is associated with Low BLyS/BAFF levels and low frequencies of innate marginal zone like CD1c+ B-cells in the genital tract.PLoS pathogens · 2019Trial
- Human Cervix Chip: A Preclinical Model for Studying the Role of the Cervical Mucosa and Microbiome in Female Reproductive Health.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Vitamin D Decreases Susceptibility of CD4Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Natural Resistance to HIV Infection: Role of Immune Activation.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
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- The relationship between cytokine and neutrophil gene network distinguishes SARS-CoV-2-infected patients by sex and age.JCI insight · 2021Article
- The Importance of Regulation in Natural Immunity to HIV.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Betamethasone induces potent immunosuppression and reduces HIV infection in a PBMC in vitro model.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2021Article
- A specific structure and high richness characterize intestinal microbiota of HIV-exposed seronegative individuals.PloS one · 2021Article
- A Tale of Two Viruses: Immunological Insights Into HCV/HIV Coinfection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Microbial mismanagement: how inadequate treatments for vaginal dysbiosis drive the HIV epidemic in women.Seminars in immunology · 2021Review
- Addressing Africa's pandemic puzzle: Perspectives on COVID-19 transmission and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Review
- Enhanced Signaling Through the TLR9 Pathway Is Associated With Resistance to HIV-1 Infection in Chinese HIV-1-Exposed Seronegative Individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Inflammation, HIV, and Immune Quiescence: Leveraging on Immunomodulatory Products to Reduce HIV Susceptibility.AIDS research and treatment · 2020Review
- TLR10 Senses HIV-1 Proteins and Significantly Enhances HIV-1 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Review
- Highly Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed Seronegative Men Have Lower Mucosal Innate Immune Reactivity.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2017Article
- Highly-Exposed HIV-1 seronegative Female Commercial Sex Workers sustain in their genital mucosa increased frequencies of tolerogenic myeloid and regulatory T-cells.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cohort studies of female commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Kenya were among the first to identify highly HIV-1-exposed seronegative (HESN) individuals. As natural resistance is usually mediated by innate immune mechanisms, we focused on determining whether expression and function of innate signaling pathways were altered locally in the genital mucosa of HESN CSWs. Our results demonstrated that selected pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) were significantly reduced in expression in cervical mononuclear cells (CMCs) from HESN compared with the new HIV-negative (HIV-N) and HIV-positive (HIV-P) groups. Although baseline levels of secreted cytokines were reduced in CMCs of HESN, they were highly stimulated following exposure to ssRNA40 in vitro. Importantly, cervical epithelial cells from HESN also expressed reduced levels of PRRs, but Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and TLR7 as well as nuclear factor-κB and activator protein 1 were highly expressed and activated. Lastly, inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, and RANTES (regulated and normal T cell expressed and secreted) were detected at lower levels in cervicovaginal lavage of HESN compared with the HIV-N and HIV-P groups. Overall, our study reveals a local microenvironment of HIV resistance in the genital mucosa consisting of a finely controlled balance of basal immune quiescence with a focused and potent innate anti-viral response critical to resistance to sexual transmission of HIV-1.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.