ArticleGenome research2013
The Y chromosome as a regulatory element shaping immune cell transcriptomes and susceptibility to autoimmune disease.
Article in Genome research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mosaic Loss of Chromosome Y in Blood Is Associated with Alzheimer Disease.American journal of human genetics · 2016Trial
- Role of sex and gender in autoimmune thyroid diseases: mechanisms and knowledge gaps.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Beyond sex determination: the Y chromosome in male cancers.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Sex as a Biological Variable in Tuberculosis Pathogenesis.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Sex hormones and gender differences in immune responses and anticancer immunity: a comprehensive review.Biologia futura · 2026Review
- Y chromosome-linked EIF1AY deletion drives sex differences in multiple myeloma.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Knowledge gaps and research priorities to understand sex differences in immunity.PLoS biology · 2026Review
- Sex differences in immune cells: mechanistic perspectives and clinical correlates in physiology and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Sex differences in innate immune cell responses: Impact on cancer immunity and response to therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Sex as a modifier of genetic risk for type 1 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- The Gut Microbiota-Sex-Immunity Axis in Non-Communicable Diseases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Immune and Vascular Function in Cardiometabolic Disorders: Interplay With Sex Differences and Impact on Incretin Therapy.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
- Sex Differences in Immune Responses to Infectious Diseases: The Role of Genetics, Hormones, and Aging.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Comparative transcriptome profiling of the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia reveals sexually dimorphic gene expression in a murine model of coronavirus-induced neurodegeneration.American journal of clinical and experimental urology · 2025Article
- Sex bias in tumor immunity: insights from immune cells.Theranostics · 2025Review
- Chromosome-Y haplogroups in Asturias (Northern Spain) and their association with severe COVID-19.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2024Article
- Genetic Analysis of 27 Y-STR Haplotypes in 11 Iranian Ethnic Groups.Archives of Iranian medicine · 2024Article
- Role of sex in immune response and epigenetic mechanisms.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2024Review
- Immune dynamics throughout life in relation to sex hormones and perspectives gained from gender-affirming hormone therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Mechanisms and consequences of sex differences in immune responses.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding the DNA elements that constitute and control the regulatory genome is critical for the appropriate therapeutic management of complex diseases. Here, using chromosome Y (ChrY) consomic mouse strains on the C57BL/6J (B6) background, we show that susceptibility to two diverse animal models of autoimmune disease, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and experimental myocarditis, correlates with the natural variation in copy number of Sly and Rbmy multicopy ChrY genes. On the B6 background, ChrY possesses gene regulatory properties that impact genome-wide gene expression in pathogenic CD4(+) T cells. Using a ChrY consomic strain on the SJL background, we discovered a preference for ChrY-mediated gene regulation in macrophages, the immune cell subset underlying the EAE sexual dimorphism in SJL mice, rather than CD4(+) T cells. Importantly, in both genetic backgrounds, an inverse correlation exists between the number of Sly and Rbmy ChrY gene copies and the number of significantly up-regulated genes in immune cells, thereby supporting a link between copy number variation of Sly and Rbmy with the ChrY genetic element exerting regulatory properties. Additionally, we show that ChrY polymorphism can determine the sexual dimorphism in EAE and myocarditis. In humans, an analysis of the CD4(+) T cell transcriptome from male multiple sclerosis patients versus healthy controls provides further evidence for an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of gene regulation by ChrY. Thus, as in Drosophila, these data establish the mammalian ChrY as a member of the regulatory genome due to its ability to epigenetically regulate genome-wide gene expression in immune cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.