ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Mechanics of the Toxoplasma gondii oocyst wall.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Artificial intelligence-powered microscopy: Transforming the landscape of parasitology.Journal of microscopy · 2026Review
- Loss of TGME49_227100 (Glutaredoxin 5) Disrupts Oocyst Formation and Sporulation inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Insights into the Structural and Proteomic Changes inAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Cryptosporidium oocyst wall proteins are true components of the oocyst wall and COWP8 is not required for parasite transmission.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
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- Development and Evaluation/Verification of a Fully Automated Test Platform for the Rapid Detection ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Application of Membrane Filtration to Cold Sterilization of Drinks and Establishment of Aseptic Workshop.Food and environmental virology · 2023Review
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- Comparative Evaluation of an Easy Laboratory Method for the Concentration of Oocysts and Commercial DNA Isolation Kits for the Molecular Detection ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Detection of DNA from Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in water for reuse.Parasitology research · 2022Article
- Comparative Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Sporulated Oocysts and Tachyzoites ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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- Effect of household bleach on the structure of the sporocyst wall of Toxoplasma gondii.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2021Article
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- In Vivo and In Vitro Virulence Analysis of Four Genetically DistinctMicroorganisms · 2020Article
- Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in fresh vegetables and berry fruits.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ability of microorganisms to survive under extreme conditions is closely related to the physicochemical properties of their wall. In the ubiquitous protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, the oocyst stage possesses a bilayered wall that protects the dormant but potentially infective parasites from harsh environmental conditions until their ingestion by the host. None of the common disinfectants are effective in killing the parasite because the oocyst wall acts as a primary barrier to physical and chemical attacks. Here, we address the structure and chemistry of the wall of the T. gondii oocyst by combining wall surface treatments, fluorescence imaging, EM, and measurements of its mechanical characteristics by using atomic force microscopy. Elasticity and indentation measurements indicated that the oocyst wall resembles common plastic materials, based on the Young moduli, E, evaluated by atomic force microscopy. Our study demonstrates that the inner layer is as robust as the bilayered wall itself. Besides wall mechanics, our results suggest important differences regarding the nonspecific adhesive properties of each layer. All together, these findings suggest a key biological role for the oocyst wall mechanics in maintaining the integrity of the T. gondii oocysts in the environment or after exposure to disinfectants, and therefore their potential infectivity to humans and animals.
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