ArticleG3 (Bethesda, Md.)2013
Evolutionarily stable attenuation by genome rearrangement in a virus.
Article in G3 (Bethesda, Md.), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Engineered Bacteriophages: A Next-Generation Platform for Precision Antimicrobials and Therapeutics.Viruses · 2026Review
- Review
- Generating dynamic gene expression patterns without the need for regulatory circuits.PloS one · 2022Article
- Heat adaptation of phage T7 under an extended genetic code.Virus evolution · 2021Article
- Engineered Bacteriophage Therapeutics: Rationale, Challenges and Future.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2021Review
- Viral attenuation by engineered protein fragmentation.Virus evolution · 2018Article
- Characterization and Genomic Study of Phage vB_EcoS-B2 Infecting Multidrug-ResistantFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Transmissible Viral Vaccines.Trends in microbiology · 2018Review
- Arresting Evolution.Trends in genetics : TIG · 2017Review
- Reduced Protein Expression in a Virus Attenuated by Codon Deoptimization.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2017Article
- Arenavirus Genome Rearrangement for the Development of Live Attenuated Vaccines.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Genome rearrangement affects RNA virus adaptability on prostate cancer cells.Frontiers in genetics · 2015Article
- Evolutionary reversion of live viral vaccines: Can genetic engineering subdue it?Virus evolution · 2015Article
- Challenges in predicting the evolutionary maintenance of a phage transgene.Journal of biological engineering · 2014Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Live, attenuated viruses provide many of the most effective vaccines. For the better part of a century, the standard method of attenuation has been viral growth in novel environments, whereby the virus adapts to the new environment but incurs a reduced ability to grow in the original host. The downsides of this approach were that it produced haphazard results, and even when it achieved sufficient attenuation for vaccine production, the attenuated virus was prone to evolve back to high virulence. Using bacteriophage T7, we apply a synthetic biology approach for creating attenuated genomes and specifically study their evolutionary stability. Three different genome rearrangements are used, and although some initial fitness recovery occurs, all exhibit greatly impaired abilities to recover wild-type fitness over a hundred or more generations. Different degrees of stable attenuation appear to be attainable by different rearrangements. Efforts to predict fitness recovery using the extensive background of T7 genetics and biochemistry were only sometimes successful. The use of genome rearrangement thus offers a practical mechanism of evolutionary stable viral attenuation, with some progress toward prediction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.