Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23796938›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2013

Prototypical Recombinant Multi-Protease-Inhibitor-Resistant Infectious Molecular Clones of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1.

Vici Varghese, Yumi Mitsuya, W Jeffrey Fessel, Tommy F Liu, George L Melikian, David A Katzenstein, Celia A Schiffer, Susan P Holmes, Robert W Shafer

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Vici VargheseDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Yumi MitsuyaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
W Jeffrey FesselKaiser-Permanente Medical Care Program-Northern California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Tommy F LiuDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
George L MelikianDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
David A KatzensteinDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Celia A SchifferDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
Susan P HolmesDepartment of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Robert W ShaferDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA rshafer@stanford.edu.
Stanford University · USKaiser Permanente · USUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · US

Funding

PUBLIC HIV DRUG RESISTANCE DATABASER01AI068581 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SHAFER, ROBERT WILLIAM · 2006 to 2017
$6.2M
IDENTIFICATION OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANT HIV1 ISOLATESR01AI046148 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SHAFER, ROBERT WILLIAM · 1999 to 2008
$2.4M
PUBLIC HIV DRUG RESISTANCE DATABASER56AI068581 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SHAFER, ROBERT WILLIAM · 2013 to 2013
$729k
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI046148NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI068581NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI068581
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The many genetic manifestations of HIV-1 protease inhibitor (PI) resistance present challenges to research into the mechanisms of PI resistance and the assessment of new PIs. To address these challenges, we created a panel of recombinant multi-PI-resistant infectious molecular clones designed to represent the spectrum of clinically relevant multi-PI-resistant viruses. To assess the representativeness of this panel, we examined the sequences of the panel's viruses in the context of a correlation network of PI resistance amino acid substitutions in sequences from more than 10,000 patients. The panel of recombinant infectious molecular clones comprised 29 of 41 study-defined PI resistance amino acid substitutions and 23 of the 27 tightest amino acid substitution clusters. Based on their phenotypic properties, the clones were classified into four groups with increasing cross-resistance to the PIs most commonly used for salvage therapy: lopinavir (LPV), tipranavir (TPV), and darunavir (DRV). The panel of recombinant infectious molecular clones has been made available without restriction through the NIH AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program. The public availability of the panel makes it possible to compare the inhibitory activities of different PIs with one another. The diversity of the panel and the high-level PI resistance of its clones suggest that investigational PIs active against the clones in this panel will retain antiviral activity against most if not all clinically relevant PI-resistant viruses.

Identifiers

PMID23796938
PMCPMC3754322
OpenAlexW2168184001

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.