Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2013
Cardiovascular effects of intensive lifestyle intervention in type 2 diabetes.
Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 11 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,254 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Look AHEAD: Action for Health in Diabetes
A Prospective Consortium Evaluating the Long-term Follow-up of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Enrolled In a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Bariatric Surgery Versus Medical Management
A Phase 2b, Multi-center, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Dose Range Finding Study to Evaluate the Effect of Bexagliflozin Tablets on HbA1c in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Effects of a Web/Smartphone-based Lifestyle Coaching Program on Gestational Weight Gain in Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes
Allopurinol in the Treatment of Patients With Diabetes Mellitus and Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease Treated by Either PCI or CABG: Pilot Study
The Long-term Effects of an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes on Medicare Eligibility, Health Care Use, and Health Care Spending
The Effects of an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes on Disability Insurance Applications, Receipt, and Payments
The Effects of an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes on Employment, Earnings, and Retirement
Testing the Effectiveness of Different Messaging Approaches to Increase Doctor Visits to Confirm or Exclude a Diagnosis of Prediabetes or Diabetes Amongst Individuals With Risk Factors for Diabetes: A Randomised, Controlled Trial
Lifestyle Intervention With Physical Activity and Diet for Precision Health in Individuals With Overweight: a 6-month Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (LI-PAD)
Effectiveness of a Low-Calorie Diet Combined With Intensive Lifestyle Intervention Using Integrated Personalized Diabetes Management for Achieving Diabetes Remission in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
1,254 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 2,842 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Efficacy of Tirzepatide Versus Semaglutide for Weight Loss in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Head-to-Head Studies.Clinical obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of orforglipron 12 mg versus orforglipron 36 mg maintenance dose among patients with obesity with or without diabetes: a systematic review and comprehensive meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Humanistic Burden and Gaps in Care and Treatment Policies of Obesity in Canada: A Systematic Review.Advances in therapy · 2026Pooled it
- 2026 AHA/ACC/ADA/ASN Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2026Guideline
- Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass versus Sleeve Gastrectomy for Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Obesity surgery · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of dietary interventions on liver health biomarkers in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.European journal of nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- External Validation of the MicroSimulation Core Obesity Model (MS-COM) to Predict Cardiovascular Outcomes, Mortality and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Incidence and Assess Cost Effectiveness.PharmacoEconomics · 2026Pooled it
- Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) and Human Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Intervening Early in the Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Expert Recommendations from the United Arab Emirates on the Management of Prediabetes.Vascular health and risk management · 2026Guideline
- 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Guideline
- Exercise Intolerance in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Weight Loss Intervention Promoting an Adapted Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern: The DELISH Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Association between renin angiotensin system and cognitive outcomes over 15 years: The Look AHEAD study.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Trial
- Subgroup-specific cardiovascular effects of intensive lifestyle intervention: a causal forest analysis in adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity.Nutrition & diabetes · 2026Trial
- Does lifestyle intervention lower clinically significant cognitive impairment risk?Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Trial
- Virtual Weight Management and Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Trial
- Diet quality and nutritional adequacy during a 2-year calorie restriction intervention: the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-Term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy 2 trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Late-life disability following the action for health in diabetes (Look AHEAD) trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Trial
- Implementation and effectiveness of a care process to prioritize weight management in primary care: a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
1,194 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
45 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWeight loss is recommended for overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes on the basis of short-term studies, but long-term effects on cardiovascular disease remain unknown. We examined whether an intensive lifestyle intervention for weight loss would decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among such patients.
methodsIn 16 study centers in the United States, we randomly assigned 5145 overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes to participate in an intensive lifestyle intervention that promoted weight loss through decreased caloric intake and increased physical activity (intervention group) or to receive diabetes support and education (control group). The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for angina during a maximum follow-up of 13.5 years.
resultsThe trial was stopped early on the basis of a futility analysis when the median follow-up was 9.6 years. Weight loss was greater in the intervention group than in the control group throughout the study (8.6% vs. 0.7% at 1 year; 6.0% vs. 3.5% at study end). The intensive lifestyle intervention also produced greater reductions in glycated hemoglobin and greater initial improvements in fitness and all cardiovascular risk factors, except for low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The primary outcome occurred in 403 patients in the intervention group and in 418 in the control group (1.83 and 1.92 events per 100 person-years, respectively; hazard ratio in the intervention group, 0.95; 95% confidence interval, 0.83 to 1.09; P=0.51).
conclusionsAn intensive lifestyle intervention focusing on weight loss did not reduce the rate of cardiovascular events in overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others; Look AHEAD ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00017953.).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.