GuidelinePain2013
Classification and definition of misuse, abuse, and related events in clinical trials: ACTTION systematic review and recommendations.
Guideline in Pain, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Executive summary of the guideline for prescribing opioid analgesics for chronic non-cancer pain (third edition) by the Japan Society of Pain Clinicians.Journal of anesthesia · 2025Guideline
- Abuse and Misuse of Pregabalin and Gabapentin.Drugs · 2017Pooled it
- Abuse Potential of Pregabalin: A Systematic Review.CNS drugs · 2016Pooled it
- Harmonizing post-market surveillance of prescription drug misuse: a systematic review of observational studies using routinely collected data (2000-2013).Drug safety · 2015Pooled it
- Instruments to Identify Prescription Medication Misuse, Abuse, and Related Events in Clinical Trials: An ACTTION Systematic Review.The journal of pain · 2015Pooled it
- [Long-term opioid therapy in chronic noncancer pain. A systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy, tolerability and safety in open-label extension trials with study duration of at least 26 weeks].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2015Pooled it
- Defining Nonmedical Use of Prescription Opioids Within Health Care Claims: A Systematic Review.Substance abuse · 2015Pooled it
- Measuring Opioid Withdrawal in a Phase 3 Study of a New Analgesic, NKTR-181 (Oxycodegol), in Patients with Moderate to Severe Chronic Low Back Pain.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Oral Abuse Potential, Pharmacokinetics, and Safety of Once-Daily, Single-Entity, Extended-Release Hydrocodone (HYD) in Recreational Opioid Users.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2017Trial
- Psychiatric Comorbidity Is Associated Prospectively with Diminished Opioid Analgesia and Increased Opioid Misuse in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain.Anesthesiology · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Benzodiazepines in Epilepsy: A US Perspective on Clinical Use, Pharmacology, Abuse Methods, and Public Health Considerations.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Physicians' Judgments About Off-Label Medical Narcotic Use and Dose Reduction Responses: A South Korean Cross-Sectional Survey.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Article
- Reasoning, Contrastive, and In-Context Strategies for Opioid Use Stage Detection on Social Media.Proceedings of the ... Workshop on Patient-Oriented Language Processing · 2026Article
- The use and misuse of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen) and paracetamol among mothers who presented with their children in health facilities in Enugu, South‒East Nigeria.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Prescribing controlled substances in sleep medicine clinics: an overview of legal issues and best safety practices.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Review
- High-dose use of pregabalin and gabapentin in France: a retrospective, population-based cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- Expecting medication misuse: a proactive approach to drug discovery to prevent fatal overdose.Future medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors.
Funding
Abstract
As the nontherapeutic use of prescription medications escalates, serious associated consequences have also increased. This makes it essential to estimate misuse, abuse, and related events (MAREs) in the development and postmarketing adverse event surveillance and monitoring of prescription drugs accurately. However, classifications and definitions to describe prescription drug MAREs differ depending on the purpose of the classification system, may apply to single events or ongoing patterns of inappropriate use, and are not standardized or systematically employed, thereby complicating the ability to assess MARE occurrence adequately. In a systematic review of existing prescription drug MARE terminology and definitions from consensus efforts, review articles, and major institutions and agencies, MARE terms were often defined inconsistently or idiosyncratically, or had definitions that overlapped with other MARE terms. The Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trials, Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks (ACTTION) public-private partnership convened an expert panel to develop mutually exclusive and exhaustive consensus classifications and definitions of MAREs occurring in clinical trials of analgesic medications to increase accuracy and consistency in characterizing their occurrence and prevalence in clinical trials. The proposed ACTTION classifications and definitions are designed as a first step in a system to adjudicate MAREs that occur in analgesic clinical trials and postmarketing adverse event surveillance and monitoring, which can be used in conjunction with other methods of assessing a treatment's abuse potential.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.