ReviewParasite immunology
Imaging African trypanosomes.
Review in Parasite immunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mesolens imaging in microbiology.Essays in biochemistry · 2026Review
- Sleep-Wake Dysregulation in Human African Trypanosomiasis: From Neuroinvasion to Neuronal Dysfunction.Clocks & sleep · 2026Review
- IL-4Rα signalling influences behavioural and immune responses in Trypanosoma brucei-infected mice: Evidence for iloprost as a neuroprotective agent.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Using detergent-enhanced LAMP for African trypanosome detection in human cerebrospinal fluid and implications for disease staging.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- A Microfluidic-Based Microscopy Platform for Continuous Interrogation of Trypanosoma brucei during Environmental Perturbation.Biochemistry · 2019Article
- Gene expression in reproductive organs of tsetse females - initial data in an approach to reduce fecundity.BMC microbiology · 2018Article
- African Trypanosome-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction under Shear Stress May Not Require ERK Activation.The International journal of angiology : official publication of the International College of Angiology, Inc · 2015Article
- Establishment of ATP-based luciferase viability assay in 96-well plate for Trypanosoma congolense.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2014Article
- Emerging and reemerging neglected tropical diseases: a review of key characteristics, risk factors, and the policy and innovation environment.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2014Review
- Grand challenges in cellular biochemistry: the "next-gen" biochemistry.Frontiers in chemistry · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Trypanosoma brucei are extracellular kinetoplastid parasites transmitted by the blood-sucking tsetse fly. They are responsible for the fatal disease human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness. In late-stage infection, trypanosomes cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and invade the central nervous system (CNS) invariably leading to coma and death if untreated. There is no available vaccine and current late-stage HAT chemotherapy consists of either melarsoprol, which is highly toxic causing up to 8% of deaths, or nifurtimox-eflornithine combination therapy (NECT), which is costly and difficult to administer. There is therefore an urgent need to identify new late-stage HAT drug candidates. Here, we review how current imaging tools, ranging from fluorescent confocal microscopy of live immobilized cells in culture to whole-animal imaging, are providing insight into T. brucei biology, parasite-host interplay, trypanosome CNS invasion and disease progression. We also consider how imaging tools can be used for candidate drug screening purposes that could lead to new chemotherapies.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.