ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2013
Higher parity is associated with an increased risk of type-II diabetes in Chinese women: the Singapore Chinese Health Study.
Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Are pregnancy and parity associated with telomere length? A systematic review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Pooled it
- Infertility, Gravidity, and Risk Of Diabetes among High-Risk Women in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020 · on this mapTrial
- Low-carbohydrate diet score and risk of breast cancer: findings from a prospective cohort study.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
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- Relationship between biological ageing, premature mortality, life expectancy, and number of live births: a prospective cohort study of the UK women.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association of female reproductive factor with risk of arthritis: a population-based cross-sectional study.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- The Impact of Obesity on the Association between Parity and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Article
- Association of Parity with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japan.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Association of Female Reproductive Factors with Incident Cardiometabolic Disease: Finding from a European Population-Based Study.Global heart · 2025Article
- The association between parity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional, community-based study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Article
- The association of female reproductive factors with history of cardiovascular disease: a large cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Investigating time to first birth among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh: a survival analysis of nationwide cross-sectional survey data.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Adverse pregnancy outcomes and risk of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2024Article
- Parity and incident type 2 diabetes in older Chinese women: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Number of Children and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Japanese Women: Findings from the Tohoku Medical Megabank.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2023Article
- Article
- Associations of reproductive factors with postmenopausal follicle stimulating hormone.Women's midlife health · 2022Article
- Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A case-control study.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Environmental contaminants and the disproportionate prevalence of type-2 diabetes mellitus among Indigenous Cree women in James Bay Quebec, Canada.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Time to first birth and its determinants among married female youths in Ethiopia, 2020: survival analysis based on EDHS 2016.BMC women's health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe association between parity and type-II diabetes has been studied primarily in Western populations, and the findings have been inconsistent. Here, we examine whether parity was positively associated with incident type-II diabetes in Singaporean Chinese women.
designProspective cohort study.
settingSingapore. POPULATION: A total of 25,021 Singaporean Chinese women aged 45-74 years from the Singapore Chinese Health Study who were free of cancer, heart disease, stroke, and diabetes at baseline (1993-1998).
methodsWomen were followed through 2004 for incident diabetes. Hazard ratios for type-II diabetes were computed across parity (of live births) categories and adjusted for baseline age, interview year, dialect, education, smoking, dietary pattern, physical activity, age at menarche, oral contraceptive use, menopausal status, hormone therapy use, and body mass index (BMI).
main outcome measureSelf-reported diabetes, as diagnosed by a doctor.
resultsOver an average of 5.7 person-years of follow-up, 1294 women were diagnosed with diabetes. Before and after multivariable adjustment there was a positive graded association between parity and type-II diabetes risk (P < 0.001). In the fully adjusted model, which included adult BMI, the risk of type-II diabetes increased by 31% (from -2 to 76%), 62% (from 22 to 116%), and 74% (from 29 to 133%) for women with one or two, three or four, and five or more live births, respectively, compared with women with no live births. Moreover, in a supplementary multivariate analysis in non-diabetic women we found a positive monotonic association between parity and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (P = 0.01).
conclusionsIncreased parity may be a risk factor for type-II diabetes in Chinese women. More research is needed on lifestyle and physiologic factors that may explain this association.
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