SynthesisAmerican journal of epidemiology2013
Quantitative association of tobacco smoking with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a comprehensive meta-analysis of studies conducted between 1979 and 2011.
Synthesis in American journal of epidemiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Passive smoking and risk of head and neck cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2025Pooled it
- Smoking and nasopharyngeal cancer: individual data meta-analysis of six prospective studies on 334 935 men.International journal of epidemiology · 2021Pooled it
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association with Lifestyle, Diets, Socioeconomic and Sociodemographic in Asian Region.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2019Pooled it
- Cigarette smoking and the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.BMJ open · 2017Pooled it
- The Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1) 30-bp deletion and XhoI-polymorphism in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies.Systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Trial
- Therapeutic Innovations in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Current Strategies and Emerging Perspectives.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Guangdong Biobank Cohort (GDBC) study.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Achieving control of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: the role of Epstein-Barr virus-based screening and vaccines.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Screening of Theaflavins That Inhibit Proliferation of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells Through Metabolomics Approaches.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- The burden and outcome of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Sweden.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2025Article
- Analysis and projection of the disease burden of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China based on the GBD database.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national temporal trends in mortality and disease burden of nasopharyngeal carcinoma attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2021 and predictions to 2040.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: current insights and future outlook.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2024Review
- Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios as Predictors of Dysphagia Severity and Quality of Life in Nasopharyngeal Cancer Patients after Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT).Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- A Descriptive, Cross-sectional Study on the Ophthalmic Symptoms and Signs in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.Acta medica Philippina · 2024Article
- Systematic replication of smoking disease associations using survey responses and EHR data in the All of Us Research Program.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2023Article
- A Systematic Review on Clinico-Aetiopathological Trends of Nasopharyngeal Cancer in Asia.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2023Article
- Nasopharyngeal Cancer Incidence and Mortality in 185 Countries in 2020 and the Projected Burden in 2040: Population-Based Global Epidemiological Profiling.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Exclusive waterpipe smoking and the risk of nasopharynx cancer in Vietnamese men, a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Over the years, many studies have attempted to establish a link between tobacco smoking and an increased risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but their results have been inconsistent. To clarify this link, we first conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to integrate the findings of epidemiologic studies from the last half-century. The methodology used for this study followed the checklist proposed by the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) Group. Pooled risk estimates were generated using a random-effects model. Twenty-eight case-control studies and 4 cohort studies involving a total of 10,274 NPC cases and 415,266 comparison subjects were included. A substantial effect of smoking on the risk of NPC was identified in this study. The results showed that ever smokers had a 60% greater risk of developing the disease than never smokers (95% confidence interval: 1.38, 1.87); this was a robust dose-dependent association. More importantly, stronger associations were observed in low-risk populations and among persons with the predominant histological type of differentiated NPC than in high-risk populations and persons with an undifferentiated type; the odds ratios were 1.76 and 2.20, respectively, versus 1.29 and 1.27. In this comprehensive meta-analysis, well-established statistical evidence was provided about the role of tobacco smoking in the etiology of NPC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.