Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2013
DNA hypomethylation, ambient particulate matter, and increased blood pressure: findings from controlled human exposure experiments.
Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT02469428 (Epigenetic Effect Modifications With Ozone Exposure on Healthy Volunteers), which is not on this map. Cited by 110 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Epigenetic Effect Modifications With Ozone Exposure on Healthy Volunteers
Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 258 citations in OpenAlex.
- Accelerated epigenetic age in hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Pooled it
- Racial and ethnic representation in epigenomic studies of preterm birth: a systematic review.Epigenomics · 2021Pooled it
- The role of DNA methylation and histone modifications in blood pressure: a systematic review.Journal of human hypertension · 2019Pooled it
- The Impact of Air Pollution on Our Epigenome: How Far Is the Evidence? (A Systematic Review).Current environmental health reports · 2018Pooled it
- Effect of Reducing Ambient Traffic-Related Air Pollution on Blood Pressure: A Randomized Crossover Trial.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Trial
- B vitamins attenuate the epigenetic effects of ambient fine particles in a pilot human intervention trial.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Trial
- Endotoxin and β-1,3-d-Glucan in Concentrated Ambient Particles Induce Rapid Increase in Blood Pressure in Controlled Human Exposures.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2015Trial
- Short-term diesel exhaust inhalation in a controlled human crossover study is associated with changes in DNA methylation of circulating mononuclear cells in asthmatics.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2014Trial
- Endotoxin in concentrated coarse and fine ambient particles induces acute systemic inflammation in controlled human exposures.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2013Trial
- Differential DNA methylation in blood as potential mediator of the association between ambient PMMolecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Mechanisms in Heart Diseases.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- The Dark Triad of Particulate Matter, Oxidative Stress and Coronary Artery Disease: What About the Antioxidant Therapeutic Potential.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Blood-Based DNA Methylation Biomarkers to Identify Risk and Progression of Cardiovascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Fine particulate matter‑induced cardiac developmental toxicity (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2025Review
- CpG methylation changes in Alu repetitive sequences in normal aging due to diastolic hypertension in human dermal fibroblasts from the facial area.Biomedical reports · 2024Article
- "Air That Once Was Breath" Part 1: Wildfire-Smoke-Induced Mechanisms of Airway Inflammation - "Climate Change, Allergy and Immunology" Special IAAI Article Collection: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2023.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2024Review
- Review
- Before the first breath: why ambient air pollution and climate change should matter to neonatal-perinatal providers.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2023Review
- Social Determinants of Health and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Is Epigenetics a Key Mediator?Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Review
- Association of ambient PMiScience · 2023Article
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundShort-term exposures to fine (<2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter) ambient particulate-matter (PM) have been related with increased blood pressure (BP) in controlled-human exposure and community-based studies. However, whether coarse (2.5 to 10 μm) PM exposure increases BP is uncertain. Recent observational studies have linked PM exposures with blood DNA hypomethylation, an epigenetic alteration that activates inflammatory and vascular responses. No experimental evidence is available to confirm those observational data and demonstrate the relations between PM, hypomethylation, and BP. METHODS AND
resultsWe conducted a cross-over trial of controlled-human exposure to concentrated ambient particles (CAPs). Fifteen healthy adult participants were exposed for 130 minutes to fine CAPs, coarse CAPs, or HEPA-filtered medical air (control) in randomized order with ≥2-week washout. Repetitive-element (Alu, long interspersed nuclear element-1 [LINE-1]) and candidate-gene (TLR4, IL-12, IL-6, iNOS) blood methylation, systolic and diastolic BP were measured pre- and postexposure. After adjustment for multiple comparisons, fine CAPs exposure lowered Alu methylation (β-standardized=-0.74, adjusted-P=0.03); coarse CAPs exposure lowered TLR4 methylation (β-standardized=-0.27, adjusted-P=0.04). Both fine and coarse CAPs determined significantly increased systolic BP (β=2.53 mm Hg, P=0.001; β=1.56 mm Hg, P=0.03, respectively) and nonsignificantly increased diastolic BP (β=0.98 mm Hg, P=0.12; β=0.82 mm Hg, P=0.11, respectively). Decreased Alu and TLR4 methylation was associated with higher postexposure DBP (β-standardized=0.41, P=0.04; and β-standardized=0.84, P=0.02; respectively). Decreased TLR4 methylation was associated with higher postexposure SBP (β-standardized=1.45, P=0.01).
conclusionsOur findings provide novel evidence of effects of coarse PM on BP and confirm effects of fine PM. Our results provide the first experimental evidence of PM-induced DNA hypomethylation and its correlation to BP.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.