Observational studyDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2013
A propensity score matched comparison of different insulin regimens 1 year after beginning insulin in people with type 2 diabetes.
Observational study in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lixisenatide as add-on treatment among patients with different β-cell function levels as assessed by HOMA-β index.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association of insulin treatment with gastric residue during an esophagogastroduodenoscopy.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Article
- Propensity-score-matched comparative analyses of simultaneously administered fixed-ratio insulin glargine 100 U and lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) vs sequential administration of insulin glargine and lixisenatide in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2018Article
- Clinical correlates of hypoglycaemia over 4 years in people with type 2 diabetes starting insulin: An analysis from the CREDIT study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2018Observational
- The Selective Labels Problem: Evaluating Algorithmic Predictions in the Presence of Unobservables.KDD : proceedings. International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining · 2017Article
- Relationship of glycaemic control and hypoglycaemic episodes to 4-year cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes starting insulin.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2016Observational
- Impact of telephonic interviews on persistence and daily adherence to insulin treatment in insulin-naïve type 2 diabetes patients: dropout study.Patient preference and adherence · 2016Article
- Risk of hypoglycaemia in type 2 diabetes patients under different insulin regimens: a primary care database analysis.German medical science : GMS e-journal · 2015Article
- Glycemic control after initiating basal insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a primary care database analysis.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2015Article
- Metabolic effects of Basal or premixed insulin treatment in 5077 insulin-naïve type 2 diabetes patients: registry-based observational study in clinical practice.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo compare using propensity score analysis the outcome of beginning insulin therapy with basal, premix, mealtime + basal or mealtime insulin on the basis of data from 3031 people from the observational CREDIT (Cardiovascular Risk Evaluation in People with Type 2 Diabetes on Insulin Therapy) study. This approach overcomes likely confounding in baseline and unknown characteristics common to observational studies.
methodsEfficacy and safety outcomes were collected at baseline and at 1 year in previously insulin-naïve people. Propensity score matched groups using all available baseline data were defined to compare outcomes by pairs of insulin regimens.
resultsFrom 2659 people with available data, propensity score matches were achieved for 686 people starting premix or basal insulin, 542 starting basal + mealtime or premix insulin and 400 starting basal or basal + mealtime. HbA1c reduction did not differ between the three pairs of insulin regimens. However, the relative risk of overall and nocturnal hypoglycaemia was lower (p = 0.010 to p < 0.001) with basal or basal + mealtime compared with premix insulin, and for nocturnal (p = 0.021) but not overall hypoglycaemia for basal compared to basal + mealtime insulin. Body weight increase was less for basal versus premix insulin [-1.3 (95% CI -2.1, -0.6) kg, p < 0.001] or versus basal + mealtime insulin [-1.4 (-2.5, -0.3) kg, p = 0.016], but did not differ between basal + mealtime and premix. Smaller groups matching mealtime insulin had some residual mismatching of HbA1c.
conclusionComparing insulin regimens between individuals matched by propensity scores indicated differences in hypoglycaemia and body weight change, despite similar HbA1c reductions. Our findings are consistent with those from randomized controlled trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.