Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23776179›Full record

ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2013

Identification and prioritization of merozoite antigens as targets of protective human immunity to Plasmodium falciparum malaria for vaccine and biomarker development.

Jack S Richards, Thangavelu U Arumugam, Linda Reiling, Julie Healer, Anthony N Hodder, Freya J I Fowkes, Nadia Cross, Christine Langer, Satoru Takeo, Alex D Uboldi and 13 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 160 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
160citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
27.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

160 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 248 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Meta-Analysis of Human Antibodies AgainstFrontiers in immunology · 2022
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  15. The N-terminal region of malaria vaccine candidatebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  17. Overview of the host immune response toJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2025
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Article
  20. Exploring theFrontiers in immunology · 2025
    Article

100 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.

Jack S RichardsDepartment of Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia.
Thangavelu U Arumugam
Linda Reiling
Julie Healer
Anthony N Hodder
Freya J I Fowkes
Nadia Cross
Christine Langer
Satoru Takeo
Alex D Uboldi
Jennifer K Thompson
Paul R Gilson
Ross L Coppel
Peter M Siba
Christopher L King
Motomi Torii
Chetan E Chitnis
David L Narum
Ivo Mueller
Brendan S Crabb
Alan F Cowman
Takafumi Tsuboi
James G Beeson
Burnet Institute · AUWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research · AUEhime University · JPPapua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research · PGUniversity of Melbourne · AUCase Western Reserve University · USInternational Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology · INMonash University · AUNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases · US

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS Z99 AI999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The development of effective malaria vaccines and immune biomarkers of malaria is a high priority for malaria control and elimination. Ags expressed by merozoites of Plasmodium falciparum are likely to be important targets of human immunity and are promising vaccine candidates, but very few Ags have been studied. We developed an approach to assess Ab responses to a comprehensive repertoire of merozoite proteins and investigate whether they are targets of protective Abs. We expressed 91 recombinant proteins, located on the merozoite surface or within invasion organelles, and screened them for quality and reactivity to human Abs. Subsequently, Abs to 46 proteins were studied in a longitudinal cohort of 206 Papua New Guinean children to define Ab acquisition and associations with protective immunity. Ab responses were higher among older children and those with active parasitemia. High-level Ab responses to rhoptry and microneme proteins that function in erythrocyte invasion were identified as being most strongly associated with protective immunity compared with other Ags. Additionally, Abs to new or understudied Ags were more strongly associated with protection than were Abs to current vaccine candidates that have progressed to phase 1 or 2 vaccine trials. Combinations of Ab responses were identified that were more strongly associated with protective immunity than responses to their single-Ag components. This study identifies Ags that are likely to be key targets of protective human immunity and facilitates the prioritization of Ags for further evaluation as vaccine candidates and/or for use as biomarkers of immunity in malaria surveillance and control.

Indexed as

AdolescentAntigens, ProtozoanBiomarkersChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin GMalaria, FalciparumMalaria VaccinesMaleMerozoitesParasitemiaPlasmodium falciparumProtozoan ProteinsAntigens, ProtozoanBiomarkersImmunoglobulin GMalaria Vaccinesmerozoite major surface antigen, PlasmodiumProtozoan Proteins

Identifiers

PMID23776179
PMCPMC3702023
OpenAlexW2109205591

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.