Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23774600›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2013

Production and release of antimicrobial and immune defense proteins by mammary epithelial cells following Streptococcus uberis infection of sheep.

Maria Filippa Addis, Salvatore Pisanu, Gavino Marogna, Tiziana Cubeddu, Daniela Pagnozzi, Carla Cacciotto, Franca Campesi, Giuseppe Schianchi, Stefano Rocca, Sergio Uzzau

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Potential Novel Biomarkers for Mastitis Diagnosis in Sheep.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Mammary Defences and Immunity against Mastitis in Sheep.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2019
    Review
  20. Use of Proteomics in the Study of Mastitis in Ewes.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Maria Filippa AddisPorto Conte Ricerche Srl, Tramariglio, Alghero, SS, Italy. addis@portocontericerche.it
Salvatore Pisanu
Gavino Marogna
Tiziana Cubeddu
Daniela Pagnozzi
Carla Cacciotto
Franca Campesi
Giuseppe Schianchi
Stefano Rocca
Sergio Uzzau
University of Sassari · ITIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Investigating the innate immune response mediators released in milk has manifold implications, spanning from elucidation of the role played by mammary epithelial cells (MECs) in fighting microbial infections to the discovery of novel diagnostic markers for monitoring udder health in dairy animals. Here, we investigated the mammary gland response following a two-step experimental infection of lactating sheep with the mastitis-associated bacterium Streptococcus uberis. The establishment of infection was confirmed both clinically and by molecular methods, including PCR and fluorescent in situ hybridization of mammary tissues. Proteomic investigation of the milk fat globule (MFG), a complex vesicle released by lactating MECs, enabled detection of enrichment of several proteins involved in inflammation, chemotaxis of immune cells, and antimicrobial defense, including cathelicidins and calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9), in infected animals, suggesting the consistent involvement of MECs in the innate immune response to pathogens. The ability of MECs to produce and release antimicrobial and immune defense proteins was then demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and confocal immunomicroscopy of cathelicidin and the calprotectin subunit S100A9 on mammary tissues. The time course of their release in milk was also assessed by Western immunoblotting along the course of the experimental infection, revealing the rapid increase of these proteins in the MFG fraction in response to the presence of bacteria. Our results support an active role of MECs in the innate immune response of the mammary gland and provide new potential for the development of novel and more sensitive tools for monitoring mastitis in dairy animals.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnti-Infective AgentsAntimicrobial Cationic PeptidesCathelicidinsEpithelial CellsGlycolipidsGlycoproteinsLactationLeukocyte L1 Antigen ComplexLipid DropletsMammary Glands, AnimalMilkProteomicsSheepStreptococcal InfectionsStreptococcusAnti-Infective AgentsAntimicrobial Cationic PeptidesCathelicidinsGlycolipidsGlycoproteinsLeukocyte L1 Antigen Complexmilk fat globule

Identifiers

PMID23774600
PMCPMC3754230
OpenAlexW2119293827

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.