ReviewImmunological reviews2013
HIV and co-infections.
Review in Immunological reviews, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 162 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 in HIV-positive patients: A systematic review of case reports and case series.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19 Among People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of psychosocial interventions on children affected by parental HIV/AIDS: a meta-analysis on depression and anxiety.BMC public health · 2019Pooled it
- Next-Generation HIV-1 Therapeutics in Co-Endemic Settings.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Immune Dysregulation in HIV-TB Co-Infection: Role of Cytokines and T Cell Biomarkers-A Narrative Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Serological and Molecular Prevalence of HCMV, HCV, HBV andCurrent HIV research · 2026Article
- Cytopenias in context: ethnoracial hematological trends among HIV-infected Africans and Russians: a review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Review
- Prevalence and Patterns of Enteric Co-Infections Among Individuals Presenting with Cholera-like Diarrheal Disease During Seasonal Cholera Outbreaks.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Kaposi's Sarcoma: A Non-Communicable Outcome Mainly Prompted by Communicable Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Disseminated Listeria monocytogenes and human pegivirus-1 coinfection.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanisms of co-infections.EMBO reports · 2025Review
- A Modular Mathematical Model of the Immune Response for Investigating the Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases.Viruses · 2025Article
- Drug interactions in people with HIV treated with antivirals for other viral illnesses.Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology · 2025Review
- Therapeutic challenges in central nervous system viral infections: advancing mesenchymal stem cell-based strategies for treating neuroinflammation and promoting tissue repair.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The clinical and chest radiographic features of respiratory syncytial virus-associated severe respiratory illness in hospitalised adults in South Africa, 2022 - 2023.African journal of thoracic and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- Insights to the HIV-associated visceral leishmaniasis clinical outcome: lessons learned about immune mediated disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Replicative co-infections with human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2 as well as hepatitis B and C virus in Ghanaian individuals.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among people living with HIV in the German HIV-1 Seroconverter Cohort, 2020-2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Characterisation of HBV and co-infection with HDV and HIV through spatial transcriptomics.eGastroenterology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in African women living with HIV and their infants.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Despite significant reductions in morbidity and mortality secondary to availability of effective combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection still accounts for 1.5 million deaths annually. The majority of deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa where rates of opportunistic co-infections are disproportionately high. In this review, we discuss the immunopathogenesis of five common infections that cause significant morbidity in HIV-infected patients globally. These include co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Cryptococcus neoformans, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and Plasmodium falciparum. Specifically, we review the natural history of each co-infection in the setting of HIV, the specific immune defects induced by HIV, the effects of cART on the immune response to the co-infection, the pathogenesis of immune restoration disease (IRD) associated with each infection, and advances in the areas of prevention of each co-infection via vaccination. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and gaps in knowledge for future research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.