ArticleEukaryotic cell2013
Candida albicans forms a specialized "sexual" as well as "pathogenic" biofilm.
Article in Eukaryotic cell, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetic and environmental control of parasexual reproduction in the pathogenicMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Review
- Parasexuality ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Candida albicans Double Mutants Lacking bothmSphere · 2020Article
- Unraveling HowJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Roles of the Transcription Factors Sfl2 and Efg1 in White-Opaque Switching in a/α Strains of Candida albicans.mSphere · 2019Article
- Candida albicans White-Opaque Switching Influences Virulence but Not Mating during Oropharyngeal Candidiasis.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- Sac7 and Rho1 regulate the white-to-opaque switching in Candida albicans.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Protocol for Identifying Natural Agents That Selectively Affect Adhesion, Thickness, Architecture, Cellular Phenotypes, Extracellular Matrix, and Human White Blood Cell Impenetrability of Candida albicans Biofilms.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Candida albicans cell-type switching and functional plasticity in the mammalian host.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2017Review
- Article
- Plasticity of Candida albicans Biofilms.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2016Review
- The Extracellular Matrix of Candida albicans Biofilms Impairs Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Exploring ecological modelling to investigate factors governing the colonization success in nosocomial environment of Candida albicans and other pathogenic yeasts.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Binding Sites in the EFG1 Promoter for Transcription Factors in a Proposed Regulatory Network: A Functional Analysis in the White and Opaque Phases of Candida albicans.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2016Article
- Budding off: bringing functional genomics to Candida albicans.Briefings in functional genomics · 2016Review
- Comparison of Switching and Biofilm Formation between MTL-Homozygous Strains of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis.Eukaryotic cell · 2015Article
- The parasexual lifestyle of Candida albicans.Current opinion in microbiology · 2015Review
- Candida albicans the chameleon: transitions and interactions between multiple phenotypic states confer phenotypic plasticity.Current opinion in microbiology · 2015Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Candida albicans forms two types of biofilm in RPMI 1640 medium, depending upon the configuration of the mating type locus. In the prevalent a/α configuration, cells form a biofilm that is impermeable, impenetrable by leukocytes, and fluconazole resistant. It is regulated by the Ras1/cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway. In the a/a or α/α configuration, white cells form a biofilm that is architecturally similar to an a/α biofilm but, in contrast, is permeable, penetrable, and fluconazole susceptible. It is regulated by the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway. The MTL-homozygous biofilm has been shown to facilitate chemotropism, a step in the mating process. This has led to the hypothesis that specialized MTL-homozygous biofilms facilitate mating. If true, then MTL-homozygous biofilms should have an advantage over MTL-heterozygous biofilms in supporting mating. We have tested this prediction using a complementation strategy and show that minority opaque a/a and α/α cells seeded in MTL-homozygous biofilms mate at frequencies 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher than in MTL-heterozygous biofilms. No difference in mating frequencies was observed between seeded patches of MTL-heterozygous and MTL-homozygous cells grown on agar at 28°C in air or 20% CO2 and at 37°C. Mating frequencies are negligible in seeded patches of both a/α and a/a cells, in contrast to seeded biofilms. Together, these results support the hypothesis that MTL-homozygous (a/a or α/α) white cells form a specialized "sexual biofilm."
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