ArticleLipids in health and disease2013
High levels of anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators lipoxins and resolvins and declining docosahexaenoic acid levels in human milk during the first month of lactation.
Article in Lipids in health and disease, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of specialized pro-resolving mediator clusters from healthy adults after intravenous low-dose endotoxin and omega-3 supplementation: a methodological validation.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Associations of human retinal very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids with dietary lipid biomarkers.Journal of lipid research · 2016Trial
- Bioactive products formed in humans from fish oils.Journal of lipid research · 2015Trial
- Evaluation of the Effects of Lipoxin A4 and Resolvin D1 on the Severity of Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn: A Prospective Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Specialized pro-resolving mediators in vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2024Review
- Is Lipid Metabolism of Value in Cancer Research and Treatment? Part II: Role of Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators in Inflammation, Infections, and Cancer.Metabolites · 2024Review
- Increased Demand of Obese Women for Protectins, Maresin, and Resolvin D1 in the Last Trimester of Pregnancy.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Stereochemistry and functions of the new cysteinyl-resolvin, 4S,5R-RCTR1, in efferocytosis and erythrophagocytosis of human senescent erythrocytes.American journal of hematology · 2023Article
- Identification of omega-3 oxylipins in human milk-derived extracellular vesicles with pro-resolutive actions in gastrointestinal inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Perspective: Human Milk Composition and Related Data for National Health and Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Article
- Review
- Review
- E-series resolvin metabolome, biosynthesis and critical role of stereochemistry of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in inflammation-resolution: Preparing SPMs for long COVID-19, human clinical trials, and targeted precision nutrition.Seminars in immunology · 2022Review
- Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiology and Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Resolvin D1 Decreases Severity of Streptozotocin-Induced Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by Enhancing BDNF Levels, Reducing Oxidative Stress, and Suppressing Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (LCPUFAs) and the Developing Immune System: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Lipoxygenase catalyzed metabolites derived from docosahexaenoic acid are promising antitumor agents against breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Lipoxin A4 attenuates uric acid-activated, NADPH oxidase-dependent oxidative stress by interfering with translocation of p47phox in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
- Article
- Arachidonic Acid in Human Milk.Nutrients · 2020Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe fatty acid mixture of human milk is ideal for the newborn but little is known about its composition in the first few weeks of lactation. Of special interest are the levels of long-chain PUFAs (LCPUFAs), since these are essential for the newborn's development. Additionally, the LCPUFAs arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are precursors for lipid mediators which regulate inflammation.
methodsWe determined the composition of 94 human milk samples from 30 mothers over the first month of lactation for fatty acids using GC-MS and quantified lipid mediators using HPLC-MS/MS.
resultsOver the four weeks period, DHA levels decreased, while levels of γC18:3 and αC18:3 steadily increased. Intriguingly, we found high concentrations of lipid mediators and their hydroxy fatty acid precursors in human milk, including pro-inflammatory leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipoxin A4 (LXA4), resolvin D1 (RvD1) and resolvin E1 (RvE1). Lipid mediator levels were stable with the exception of two direct precursors.
conclusionsElevated levels of DHA right after birth might represent higher requirements of the newborn and the high content of anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators and their precursors may indicate their role in neonatal immunity and may be one of the reasons for the advantage of human milk over infant formula.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.