ArticleEuropean journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society2013
Glasgow Coma Scale score at intensive care unit discharge predicts the 1-year outcome of patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
Article in European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- A randomized controlled trial investigating the impact of early goal-directed sedation dominated by dexmedetomidine on cerebral oxygen metabolism and inflammatory mediators in patients with severe brain injury.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Trial
- Early heart-rate trajectory phenotypes predict short-term mortality in critically ill patients: a dynamic time-warping cluster analysis.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2026Article
- Identifying four distinct prognostic trajectories using latent class growth analysis in moderate-severe TBI: a 10-year retrospective cohort study.Neurosurgical review · 2026Article
- Article
- Glasgow Coma Scale Score at Admission in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Multicenter Observational Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Perioperative Risk Factors of Postoperative Pressure Injuries in Patients after Surgical Hematoma Evacuation of Intracranial Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Advances in skin & wound care · 2025Article
- Association between signs of life and survival in traumatic cardiac arrest patients: A nationwide, retrospective cohort study.Resuscitation plus · 2024Article
- Exploring the utility of a latent variable as comprehensive inflammatory prognostic index in critically ill patients with cerebral infarction.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Epidemiological and clinical characteristics predictive of ICU mortality of patients with traumatic brain injury treated at a trauma referral hospital - a cohort study.BMC neurology · 2023Article
- Association of Glasgow coma scale and endotracheal intubation in predicting mortality among patients admitted to the intensive care unit.Acute and critical care · 2023Article
- Predictive Factors of Return Home and Return to Work for Intensive Care Unit Survivors after Traumatic Brain Injury with a Follow-up Period of 2 Years.Neurologia medico-chirurgica · 2022Article
- Patterns, Types, and Outcomes of Head Injury in Aseer Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Neuroscience journal · 2019Article
- Postoperative complications influencing the long-term outcome of head-injured patients after decompressive craniectomy.Brain and behavior · 2019Article
- Neuro, trauma, or med/surg intensive care unit: Does it matter where multiple injuries patients with traumatic brain injury are admitted? Secondary analysis of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Multi-Institutional Trials Committee decompressive craniectomy study.The journal of trauma and acute care surgery · 2017Article
- Early exposure to hyperoxia and mortality in critically ill patients with severe traumatic injuries.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2017Article
- Predicting long-term outcome after traumatic brain injury using repeated measurements of Glasgow Coma Scale and data mining methods.Journal of medical systems · 2015Article
- Decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury patients with fixed dilated pupils.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2015Article
- Short- and long-term subjective medical treatment outcome of trauma surgery patients: the importance of physician empathy.Patient preference and adherence · 2014Article
- Long Term Outcome in Survivors of Decompressive Craniectomy following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Asian journal of neurosurgeryArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo analyse the association between the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score at intensive care unit (ICU) discharge and the 1-year outcome of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).
designRetrospective analysis of prospectively collected observational data. PATIENTS: Between 01/2001 and 12/2005, 13 European centres enrolled 1,172 patients with severe TBI. Data on accident, treatment and outcomes were collected. According to the GCS score at ICU discharge, survivors were classified into four groups: GCS scores 3-6, 7-9, 10-12 and 13-15. Using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), 1-year outcomes were classified as "favourable" (scores 5, 4) or "unfavourable" (scores <4). Factors that may have contributed to outcomes were compared between groups and for favourable versus unfavourable outcomes within each group. MAIN
resultsOf the 538 patients analysed, 308 (57 %) had GCS scores 13-15, 101 (19 %) had scores 10-12, 46 (9 %) had scores 7-9 and 83 (15 %) had scores 3-6 at ICU discharge. Factors significantly associated with these GCS scores included age, severity of trauma, neurological status (GCS, pupils) at admission and patency of the basal cisterns on the first computed tomography (CT) scan. Favourable outcome was achieved in 74 % of all patients; the rates were significantly different between GCS groups (93, 83, 37 and 10 %, respectively). Within each of the GCS groups, significant differences regarding age and trauma severity were found between patients with favourable versus unfavourable outcomes; neurological status at admission and CT findings were not relevant.
conclusionThe GCS score at ICU discharge is a good predictor of 1-year outcome. Patients with a GCS score <10 at ICU discharge have a poor chance of favourable outcome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.