ArticleEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM2013
The pomegranate: effects on bacteria and viruses that influence human health.
Article in Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02939092 (The Effect of Mouthwash Containing Pomegranate Peel Extract and Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on Bleeding on Brushing Among a Group of Egyptian Children With Full Permanent Dentition, Randomized Controlled Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Mouthwash Containing Pomegranate Peel Extract and Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on Bleeding on Brushing Among a Group of Egyptian Children With Full Permanent Dentition, Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of pomegranate extract on preventing dental caries: a systematic review.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Pomegranate (Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Effect of the chives, pomegranate, and lime juices on the meat quality and microbial reduction of chicken breast inoculated with Salmonella Enteritidis.Food science of animal resources · 2026Article
- The Efficacy of Plant Extracts Against Key Food-Borne Pathogens: A Mechanistic, Applications, and Advances.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Punicalagin is the key pomegranate polyphenol inhibiting gut microbial trimethylamine (TMA) production from L-carnitine in anFood & function · 2026Article
- A Pomegranate Polyphenol Extract Suppresses the Microbial Production of Proatherogenic Trimethylamine (TMA) in an In Vitro Human Colon Model.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Article
- Bidah Pomegranate Landrace: Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anticancer Activity.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pomegranate peel supplementation improves performance and lipid metabolism in laying hens.Archives animal breeding · 2025Article
- Isolation, Characterization and IgE Binding of Two 2S Albumins of Pomegranate Seeds.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Ellagitannin content and anti-enterohemorrhagicHeliyon · 2024Article
- The hope and hype of ellagic acid and urolithins as ligands of SARS-CoV-2 Nsp5 and inhibitors of viral replication.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2023Article
- Common foods for boosting human immunity: A review.Food science & nutrition · 2023Review
- Green Alternatives as Antimicrobial Agents in Mitigating Periodontal Diseases: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Development of Molecular Marker Linked to Seed Hardness in Pomegranate Using Bulked Segregant Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Effect of Some Plant-Based Substances on Microbial Content and Sperm Quality Parameters of Bull Semen.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Development and Evaluation of an Eco-Friendly Hand Sanitizer Formulation Valorized from Fruit Peels.International journal of biomaterials · 2023Article
- Pomegranate Seeds and Peel Ethanolic Extracts Anticancer Potentials and Related Genetic, Histological, Immunohistochemical, Apoptotic and Oxidative Stress Profiles: In vitro Study.Journal of experimental pharmacology · 2023Article
- The Therapeutic Efficacy ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Punicalagin as an allosteric NSP13 helicase inhibitor potently suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro.Antiviral research · 2022Article
- Role of Dantabija, Haridra, and Zingiber (DHZ) combination to restore health and immunity in mild to moderate COVID-19 patients.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pomegranates have been known for hundreds of years for their multiple health benefits, including antimicrobial activity. The recent surge in multidrug-resistant bacteria and the possibility of widespread global virus pandemics necessitate the need for additional preventative and therapeutic options to conventional drugs. Research indicates that pomegranates and their extracts may serve as natural alternatives due to their potency against a wide range of bacterial and viral pathogens. Nearly every part of the pomegranate plant has been tested for antimicrobial activities, including the fruit juice, peel, arils, flowers, and bark. Many studies have utilized pomegranate peel with success. There are various phytochemical compounds in pomegranate that have demonstrated antimicrobial activity, but most of the studies have found that ellagic acid and larger hydrolyzable tannins, such as punicalagin, have the highest activities. In some cases the combination of the pomegranate constituents offers the most benefit. The positive clinical results on pomegranate and suppression of oral bacteria are intriguing and worthy of further study. Much of the evidence for pomegranates' antibacterial and antiviral activities against foodborne pathogens and other infectious disease organisms comes from in vitro cell-based assays, necessitating further confirmation of in vivo efficacy through human clinical trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.