ArticleJournal of virology2013
High levels of CD2 expression identify HIV-1 latently infected resting memory CD4+ T cells in virally suppressed subjects.
Article in Journal of virology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcriptome profiles of latently- and reactivated HIV-1 infected primary CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- MicroRNA expression profiling of Xp11 renal cell carcinoma.Human pathology · 2017Pooled it
- Histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin induces HIV expression in CD4 T cells from patients on suppressive antiretroviral therapy at concentrations achieved by clinical dosing.PLoS pathogens · 2014Trial
- The immunophenotype and proviral landscape of HIV-infected CD4 T cells during antiretroviral therapy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Targeting rapidly cycling receptors CD2 and CD7 increases nanoparticle delivery to primary CD4Nature communications · 2026Article
- FUBP3 enhances HIV-1 transcriptional activity and regulates immune response pathways in T cells.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Phenotyping Viral Reservoirs to Reveal HIV-1 Hiding Places.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Single cell spatial profiling of FFPE splenic tissue from a humanized mouse model of HIV infection.Biomarker research · 2024Article
- Article
- The hypoxia-regulated ectonucleotidase CD73 is a host determinant of HIV latency.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Antigen specificities of HIV-infected cells: A role in infection and persistence?Journal of virus eradication · 2023Review
- Targeted plasma proteomics identifies MICA and IL1R1 proteins associated with HIV-1 reservoir size.iScience · 2023Article
- HIV Infection Elicits Differential Transcriptomic Remodeling in CD4+ T Cells with Variable Proliferative Responses to the T Cell Receptor Stimulus.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Phenotypic characterization of single CD4+ T cells harboring genetically intact and inducible HIV genomes.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Profound phenotypic and epigenetic heterogeneity of the HIV-1-infected CD4Nature immunology · 2023Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals common and unique gene expression profiles in primary CD4+ T cells latently infected with HIV under different conditions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Identification of CD98 as a Novel Biomarker for HIV-1 Permissiveness and Latent Infection.mBio · 2022Article
- Distinct gene expression by expanded clones of quiescent memory CD4Cell reports · 2022Article
- Integrated proteomics and transcriptomics analyses identify novel cell surface markers of HIV latency.Virology · 2022Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Resting memory CD4(+) T cells are the largest reservoir of persistent infection in HIV-1-positive subjects. They harbor dormant, stably integrated virus despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy, posing an obstacle to a cure. Surface markers that identify latently infected cells remain unknown. Microarray analyses comparing resting latently infected and uninfected CD4(+) T cells generated in vitro showed profound differences in the expression of gene programs related to transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation, cell proliferation, survival, cycle progression, and basic metabolism, suggesting that multiple biochemical and metabolic blocks contribute to preventing viral production in latently infected cells. We identified 33 transcripts encoding cell surface markers that are differentially expressed between latently infected and uninfected cells. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-QPCR) and flow cytometry analyses confirmed that the surface marker CD2 was expressed at higher levels on latently infected cells. To validate this result in vivo, we sorted resting memory CD4(+) T cells expressing high and low surface levels of CD2 from six HIV-1-infected subjects successfully treated with antiretroviral drugs for at least 3 years. Resting memory CD4(+) CD2(high) T cells from all subjects harbored higher HIV-1 DNA copy numbers than all other CD4(+) T cell subsets. Moreover, after ex vivo viral reactivation, robust viral RNA production was detected only from resting memory CD4(+) CD2(high) T cells but not from other cell subsets. Altogether, these results show that a high CD2 expression level is a hallmark of latently infected resting memory CD4(+) T cells in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.