SynthesisCell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)2013
A meta-analysis of the genomic and transcriptomic composition of complex life.
Synthesis in Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed.
- Non-coding DNA dynamics and its roles as a physical barrier in genome safeguarding across early development and evolution.Heredity · 2026Review
- The allostery principle supports the symbolic character of signaling circuits: gene regulation provides a form of intelligence to living systems.Theory in biosciences = Theorie in den Biowissenschaften · 2026Article
- In silico characterization of melanoma-derived mouse lncRNA Gm26982 and comparative analyses with human ortholog.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2026Article
- Integrated Symbiotic Pleiotropy: Long Non-Coding RNAs and Disordered Proteins Interweaving the Functional Layers of the Eukaryotic Cell.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- FLYNC: a machine-learning-driven framework for discovering long noncoding RNAs inNAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Epigenetic Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells During Development and Disease.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Identification of Disease-miRNA Networks Across Different Human Complex Diseases Using SWIM and MIENTURNET Tools.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- The hidden power of antisense long non-coding RNAs: a dive into a novel regulatory layer mediated by double-stranded RNA formation.RNA biology · 2025Review
- Structural Mutations Set an Equilibrium Noncoding Genome Fraction.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- The impact of ncRNAs on type 2 diabetes: A comprehensive review covering molecular mechanisms to clinical applications.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Review
- Structural analysis of the lncRNA SChLAP1 reveals protein binding interfaces and a conformationally heterogenous retroviral insertion.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Epigenetic silencing and genome dynamics determine the fate of giant virus endogenizations in Acanthamoeba.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Review
- Non-Coding RNAs in Diagnostic Pathology of High-Grade Central Osteosarcoma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- YRNAs: biosynthesis, structure, functions and involvment in cancer development.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Organismal complexity strongly correlates with the number of protein families and domains.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Network-based modelling reveals cell-type enriched patterns of non-coding RNA regulation during human skeletal muscle remodelling.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Network-based modelling reveals cell-type enriched patterns of non-coding RNA regulation during human skeletal muscle remodelling.NAR molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Machine learning for catalysing the integration of noncoding RNA in research and clinical practice.EBioMedicine · 2024Review
- Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is now clear that animal genomes are predominantly non-protein-coding, and that these sequences encode a wide array of RNA transcripts and other regulatory elements that are fundamental to the development of complex life. We have previously argued that the proportion of an animal genome that is non-protein-coding DNA (ncDNA) correlates well with its apparent biological complexity. Here we extend on that work and, using data from a total of 1,627 prokaryotic and 153 eukaryotic complete and annotated genomes, show that the proportion of ncDNA per haploid genome is significantly positively correlated with a previously published proxy of biological complexity, the number of distinct cell types. This is in contrast to the amount of the genome that encodes proteins, which we show is essentially unchanged across Metazoa. Furthermore, using a total of 179 RNA-seq data sets from nematode (47), fruit fly (72), zebrafish (20) and human (42), we show, consistent with other recent reports, that the vast majority of ncDNA in animals is transcribed. This includes more than 60 human loci previously considered "gene deserts," many of which are expressed tissue-specifically and associated with previously reported GWAS SNPs. These results suggest that ncDNA, and the ncRNAs encoded within it, may be intimately involved in the evolution, maintenance and development of complex life.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.