Trial reportDiabetes care2013
Reduced hypoglycemia and increased time in target using closed-loop insulin delivery during nights with or without antecedent afternoon exercise in type 1 diabetes.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Prevention of Hypoglycemia After Exercise Using DreaMed Substance Administration Device in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes (The PHYSI-DREAM Study)
Defining the Role of Management Factors in Outcome Disparity in Pediatric T1D
Setting a New Algorithm For the Management of Exercise-induced Glycemic Variations in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes in Intensive Therapy With Hybrid Closed-loop Systems
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pilot Study of Early Adoption of Automated Insulin Delivery in Underresourced Youth.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Trial
- Improved Nocturnal Glycaemia and Reduced Insulin Use Following Clinical Exercise Trial Participation in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes.Frontiers in public health · 2020Trial
- Feasibility Studies of an Insulin-Only Bionic Pancreas in a Home-Use Setting.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2019Trial
- Randomized Outpatient Trial of Single- and Dual-Hormone Closed-Loop Systems That Adapt to Exercise Using Wearable Sensors.Diabetes care · 2018Trial
- Closed-Loop Control During Intense Prolonged Outdoor Exercise in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: The Artificial Pancreas Ski Study.Diabetes care · 2017Trial
- Closed-loop glucose control in young people with type 1 diabetes during and after unannounced physical activity: a randomised controlled crossover trial.Diabetologia · 2017Trial
- Mitigating Reductions in Glucose During Exercise on Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery: The Ex-Snacks Study.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2016Trial
- Randomized trial of a dual-hormone artificial pancreas with dosing adjustment during exercise compared with no adjustment and sensor-augmented pump therapy.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Home use of closed-loop insulin delivery for overnight glucose control in adults with type 1 diabetes: a 4-week, multicentre, randomised crossover study.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2014Trial
- Adding heart rate signal to a control-to-range artificial pancreas system improves the protection against hypoglycemia during exercise in type 1 diabetes.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2014Trial
- Overnight closed-loop insulin delivery in young people with type 1 diabetes: a free-living, randomized clinical trial.Diabetes care · 2014Trial
- 7. Diabetes Technology: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Early Stages of Automated Insulin Delivery.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Review
- Early Stages of Automated Insulin Delivery.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Research Gaps, Challenges, and Opportunities in Automated Insulin Delivery Systems.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Research Gaps, Challenges, and Opportunities in Automated Insulin Delivery Systems.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Review
- 7. Diabetes Technology: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Recent advances in the precision control strategy of artificial pancreas.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2024Review
- Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAfternoon exercise increases the risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia (NH) in subjects with type 1 diabetes. We hypothesized that automated feedback-controlled closed-loop (CL) insulin delivery would be superior to open-loop (OL) control in preventing NH and maintaining a higher proportion of blood glucose levels within the target blood glucose range on nights with and without antecedent afternoon exercise. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsSubjects completed two 48-h inpatient study periods in random order: usual OL control and CL control using a proportional-integrative-derivative plus insulin feedback algorithm. Each admission included a sedentary day and an exercise day, with a standardized protocol of 60 min of brisk treadmill walking to 65-70% maximum heart rate at 3:00 p.m.
resultsAmong 12 subjects (age 12-26 years, A1C 7.4±0.6%), antecedent exercise increased the frequency of NH (reference blood glucose<60 mg/dL) during OL control from six to eight events. In contrast, there was only one NH event each on nights with and without antecedent exercise during CL control (P=0.04 vs. OL nights). Overnight, the percentage of glucose values in target range was increased with CL control (P<0.0001). Insulin delivery was lower between 10:00 p.m. and 2:00 a.m. on nights after exercise on CL versus OL, P=0.008.
conclusionsCL insulin delivery provides an effective means to reduce the risk of NH while increasing the percentage of time spent in target range, regardless of activity level in the mid-afternoon. These data suggest that CL control could be of benefit to patients with type 1 diabetes even if it is limited to the overnight period.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.