ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2013
Viral infection of the pregnant cervix predisposes to ascending bacterial infection.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 183 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for premature rupture of membranes in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2024Pooled it
- Effector and Activated T Cells Induce Preterm Labor and Birth That Is Prevented by Treatment with Progesterone.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Trial
- Effect of suppressive acyclovir administered to HSV-2 positive mothers from week 28 to 36 weeks of pregnancy on adverse obstetric outcomes: a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial.Reproductive health · 2017Trial
- Intravaginal Probiotics in Transition Dairy Cows: A Randomized Multi-Farm Field Trial on Health and Milk Production.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Spatial localization of avian and human influenza A virus receptors in male and female bovine reproductive tissues.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Phenotype- and phase-directed immune interpretation in recurrent implantation failure and pregnancy loss: an integrative framework.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in the Role of Bacteriophages in the Aetiology and Therapy of Vaginal Dysbiosis in the Form of Bacterial Vaginosis and the Prevention of Preterm Birth.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Treatment strategies for intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation in preterm labor cases.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2025Article
- Alterations in vaginal microbiome in women with short cervix: longitudinal study of microbial diversity and impact of vaginal progesterone treatment.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2025Article
- The Vaginal Virome in Women's Health and Disease.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Article
- Cerclage prevents ascending intrauterine infection in pregnant mice.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2024Article
- Intrauterine Detection of Ureaplasma Species after Vaginal Colonization in Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcome.Neonatology · 2024Article
- Changes in Vaginal Bacteria and Inflammatory Mediators From Periconception Through the Early Postpartum Period in a Cohort of Kenyan Women Without HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Diminished antiviral innate immune gene expression in the placenta following a maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2023Article
- Maternal human papillomavirus infection during pregnancy and preterm delivery: A mother-child cohort study in Norway and Sweden.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2023Article
- Review
- The female reproductive tract virome: understanding the dynamic role of viruses in gynecological health and disease.Current opinion in virology · 2022Review
- Spontaneous preterm birth: Involvement of multiple feto-maternal tissues and organ systems, differing mechanisms, and pathways.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Multitask Deep Neural Network for the Fully Automatic Measurement of the Angle of Progression.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Preterm birth is the major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, and bacterial infections that ascend from the lower female reproductive tract are the most common route of uterine infection leading to preterm birth. The uterus and growing fetus are protected from ascending infection by the cervix, which controls and limits microbial access by the production of mucus, cytokines, and antimicrobial peptides. If this barrier is compromised, bacteria may enter the uterine cavity, leading to preterm birth. Using a mouse model, we demonstrate, to our knowledge for the first time, that viral infection of the cervix during pregnancy reduces the capacity of the female reproductive tract to prevent bacterial infection of the uterus. This is due to differences in susceptibility of the cervix to infection by virus during pregnancy and the associated changes in TLR and antimicrobial peptide expression and function. We suggest that preterm labor is a polymicrobial disease, which requires a multifactorial approach for its prevention and treatment.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.