ArticleAntiviral therapy2013
Resistance to tenofovir-based regimens during treatment failure of subtype C HIV-1 in South Africa.
Article in Antiviral therapy, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acquired HIV drug resistance mutations on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Southern Africa: Systematic review and Bayesian evidence synthesis.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2022Pooled it
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Viral Load Is Elevated in Individuals With Reverse-Transcriptase Mutation M184V/I During Virological Failure of First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy and Is Associated With Compensatory Mutation L74I.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Spectrum of Atazanavir-Selected Protease Inhibitor-Resistance Mutations.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- An association between K65R and HIV-1 subtype C viruses in patients treated with multiple NRTIs.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Treatment options after virological failure of first-line tenofovir-based regimens in South Africa: an analysis by deep sequencing.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Article
- CD4 count-based failure criteria combined with viral load monitoring may trigger worse switch decisions than viral load monitoring alone.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2016Article
- Phenotype, Genotype, and Drug Resistance in Subtype C HIV-1 Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Should we fear resistance from tenofovir/emtricitabine preexposure prophylaxis?Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2016Review
- Treatment failure and drug resistance in HIV-positive patients on tenofovir-based first-line antiretroviral therapy in western Kenya.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2016Article
- High prevalence of the K65R mutation in HIV-1 subtype C infected patients failing tenofovir-based first-line regimens in South Africa.PloS one · 2015Article
- Emerging antiretroviral drug resistance in sub-Saharan Africa: novel affordable technologies are needed to provide resistance testing for individual and public health benefits.AIDS (London, England) · 2014Article
- Viral tropism and antiretroviral drug resistance in HIV-1 subtype C-infected patients failing highly active antiretroviral therapy in Johannesburg, South Africa.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2014Article
- Prodrug strategies for improved efficacy of nucleoside antiviral inhibitors.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2013Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is increasingly available for patients infected with subtype C HIV-1. This subtype is reported to develop the principal TDF resistance mutation in the HIV reverse transcriptase, K65R, with greater propensity than other subtypes. We sought to describe K65R development during TDF use in a cohort of patients infected with subtype C HIV.
methodsUsing a prospectively followed cohort with 6 monthly HIV RNA assays, we identified virological failure (defined as an HIV RNA > 1,000 copies/ml) during treatment that included TDF. Residual serum, stored at the time of the HIV RNA assay, was used for consensus sequencing and allele-specific PCR. We assessed prevalence of resistance at failure during TDF-containing treatment and associated factors.
resultsAmong 1,682 patients on a TDF-containing regimen, 270 developed failure of which 40 were assessed for resistance. By sequencing, the K65R was identified in 5 (12%), major non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations in 24 (57%) and the M184V/I in 12 (28%) patients. The K65R was associated with lower HIV RNA at failure (HIV RNA 3.3 versus 4.2 log10 copies/ml) and prior stavudine exposure. An additional five patients had minority K65R populations identified by allele-specific PCR.
conclusionsThese data suggest that the K65R prevalence at virological failure is moderately higher in our subtype C population than some non-subtype C HIV cohorts. However, we did not find that the K65R was highly selected in HIV-1 subtype-C-infected patients with up to 6 months of failure of a TDF-containing regimen.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.