ArticleJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2013
Why cachexia kills: examining the causality of poor outcomes in wasting conditions.
Article in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Cannabis-Based Medicine in the Treatment of Cachexia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2021Pooled it
- Orphan disease status of cancer cachexia in the USA and in the European Union: a systematic review.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2019Pooled it
- Effect of diet protein restriction on progression of chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- P-move: a randomized control trial of exercise in patients with advanced pancreatic or biliary tract cancer (aPBC) receiving beyond first-line chemotherapy.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024Trial
- Investigating effects of sodium beta-hydroxybutyrate on metabolism in placebo-controlled, bilaterally infused human leg with focus on skeletal muscle protein dynamics.Physiological reports · 2022Trial
- The Growth and Trends in Cancer-Induced Cachexia Research: A Bibliometric and AI-Guided Visualization Analysis.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Acetate-free dialysate, protein-energy wasting, and muscle outcomes in maintenance hemodialysis: a randomized-controlled trial.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Association Between Dietary Vitamin K Intake With Cancer Cachexia and Mortality: NHANES 1999-2018.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- The Multifaceted Role of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15): A Narrative Review from Cancer Cachexia to Target Therapy.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Modulating the Gut-Muscle Axis: Increasing SCFA-Producing Gut Microbiota Commensals and Decreasing Endotoxin Production to Mitigate Cancer Cachexia.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Diagnostic Criteria for Cancer-Associated Cachexia: Insights from a Multicentre Cohort Study.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a prognostic model for cachexia in postoperative gastric cancer patients with low nutritional risk: a dual-center retrospective cohort study.Surgical endoscopy · 2025Article
- Metabolic, Inflammatory, and Molecular Impact of Cancer Cachexia on the Liver.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Cancer cachexia: biomarkers and the influence of age.Molecular oncology · 2024Review
- Development of a peptide drug restoring AMPK and adipose tissue functionality in cancer cachexia.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2023Article
- LCN2 secreted by tissue-infiltrating neutrophils induces the ferroptosis and wasting of adipose and muscle tissues in lung cancer cachexia.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2023Article
- Nutrition care is an integral part of patient-centred medical care: a European consensus.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Article
- Identification and management of cancer cachexia in patients: Assessment of healthcare providers' knowledge and practice gaps.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2022Article
- Prognostic Value of the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score in Patients at Dialysis Initiation.Nutrients · 2022Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Weight loss is the hallmark of any progressive acute or chronic disease state. In its extreme form of significant lean body mass (including skeletal muscle) and fat loss, it is referred to as cachexia. It has been known for millennia that muscle and fat wasting leads to poor outcomes including death. On one hand, conditions and risk factors that lead to cachexia and inadequate nutrition may independently lead to increased mortality. Additionaly, cachexia per se, withdrawal of nutritional support in progressive cachexia, and advanced age may lead to death via cachexia-specific pathways. Despite the strong and consistent association of cachexia with mortality, no unifying mechanism has yet been suggested as to why wasting conditions are associated with an exceptionally high mortality risk. Hence, the causality of the cachexia-death association, even though it is biologically plausible, is widely unknown. This century-long uncertainty may have played a role as to why the field of cachexia treatment development has not shown major advances over the past decades. We suggest that cachexia-associated relative thrombocytosis and platelet activation may play a causal role in cachexia-related death, while other mechanisms may also contribute including arrhythmia-associated sudden deaths, endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism, and immune system compromise leading to infectious events and deaths. Multidimensional research including examining biologically plausible models is urgently needed to investigate the causality of the cachexia-death association.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.