ArticleClinical & experimental metastasis2013
Development and characterization of a reliable mouse model of colorectal cancer metastasis to the liver.
Article in Clinical & experimental metastasis, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Review
- RUNX1/SLAMF3 Axis Drives Immunosuppression to Contribute to Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis by Blocking Phagocytosis and Depleting C1QCAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Lectin-Based Immunophenotyping and Whole Proteomic Profiling of CT-26 Colon Carcinoma Murine Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Camptothesome-based combination nanotherapeutic regimen for improved colorectal cancer immunochemotherapy.Biomaterials · 2024Article
- The liver microenvironment orchestrates FGL1-mediated immune escape and progression of metastatic colorectal cancer.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Preventive cancer stem cell-based vaccination modulates tumor development in syngeneic colon adenocarcinoma murine model.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Organoids and metastatic orthotopic mouse model for mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Continuous sensing of IFNα by hepatic endothelial cells shapes a vascular antimetastatic barrier.eLife · 2022Article
- Mouse Models for Application in Colorectal Cancer: Understanding the Pathogenesis and Relevance to the Human Condition.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Anticancer activity of Helicobacter pylori ribosomal protein (HPRP) with iRGD in treatment of colon cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2021Article
- Liver Immune Microenvironment and Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer-Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Perspectives.Cancers · 2021Review
- Emerging Mechanisms and Treatment Progress on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer.OncoTargets and therapy · 2021Review
- Tumor neoantigen heterogeneity impacts bystander immune inhibition of pancreatic cancer growth.Translational oncology · 2020Article
- The Neuropeptide System and Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases: Mechanisms and Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Liver Tropism in Cancer: The Hepatic Metastatic Niche.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2020Review
- Liver, Tumor and Viral Hepatitis: Key Players in the Complex Balance Between Tolerance and Immune Activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Relaxin gene delivery mitigates liver metastasis and synergizes with check point therapy.Nature communications · 2019Article
- The Gastrointestinal Tumor Microenvironment: An Updated Biological and Clinical Perspective.Journal of oncology · 2019Review
- MDSCs: Key Criminals of Tumor Pre-metastatic Niche Formation.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer and the third leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States (American Cancer Society, Cancer facts and figures 2012, 20121). The major cause of death is metastasis and frequently, the target organ is the liver. Successful metastasis depends on acquired properties in cancer cells that promote invasion and migration, and on multiple interactions between tumors and host-derived cells in the microenvironment. These processes, however, occur asymptomatically, thus, metastasis remains poorly understood and often diagnosed only at the final stage. To facilitate the elucidation of the mechanisms underlying these processes and to identify the molecular regulators, particularly at the early stages, we developed a mouse model of hepatic metastasis of CRC by cecal implantation of a mouse adenocarcinoma cell line in an immune competent host that reliably recapitulates all steps of tumor growth and metastasis within a defined period. By in vivo selection, we isolated cells of varying metastatic potential. The most highly metastatic CT26-FL3 cells produced liver metastasis as early as 10 days after implantation in 90 % of host mice. These cells expressed elevated levels of genes whose products promote invasion, migration, and mobilization of bone marrow derived cells (BMDCs). Mice bearing tumors from CT26-FL3 had elevated serum levels of OPN, MMP9, S100A8, S100A9, SAA3, and VEGFA that promote invasion and BMDC mobilization, and showed enhanced BMDC recruitment to the liver where they established a pre-metastatic niche. This model provides an important platform to characterize metastatic cells and elucidate tumor-host interactions and mechanisms that drive liver metastasis of CRC.
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