ArticleParasites & vectors2013
Leishmaniasis sand fly vector density reduction is less marked in destitute housing after insecticide thermal fogging.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemical control of medically important arthropods in Panama: A systematic literature review of historical efforts.Acta tropica · 2024Pooled it
- Housing Characteristics and Leishmaniasis: A Systematic Review.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2018Pooled it
- Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of outdoor residual spraying with α-cypermethrin, pirimiphos-methyl, and deltamethrin against sand flies: a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled field trial in Uganda.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- A comprehensive review of biological and genetic control approaches for leishmaniasis vector sand flies; emphasis towards promoting tools for integrated vector management.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Review
- Impact of climate and land use on the temporal variability of sand fly density in Sri Lanka: A 2-year longitudinal study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Little disease but lots of bites: social, urbanistic, and entomological risk factors of human exposure to Aedes aegypti in South Texas, U.S.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Community-serving research addressing climate change impacts on vector-borne diseases.The Lancet. Planetary health · 2024Review
- The bibliometric landscape of infectious disease research in Panama (1990-2019).Dialogues in health · 2023Review
- Effectiveness of insecticide thermal fogging in hyrax dens in the control of leishmaniasis vectors in rural Palestine: A prospective study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- The Eco-Bio-Social Factors That ModulateInsects · 2021Article
- Article
- Determinants of Unresponsiveness to Treatment in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Focus on Anthroponotic Form Due toFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Major risk factors and histopathological profile of treatment failure, relapse and chronic patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: A prospective case-control study on treatment outcome and their medical importance.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Novel Evolutionary Algorithm Identifies Interactions Driving Infestation ofThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Article
- Giardia Infection and Trypanosoma Cruzi Exposure in Dogs in the Bosawás Biosphere Reserve, Nicaragua.EcoHealth · 2019Article
- Article
- Using Landscape Analysis to Test Hypotheses about Drivers of Tick Abundance and Infection Prevalence with Borrelia burgdorferi.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Risk factors for anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in unresponsive and responsive patients in a major focus, southeast of Iran.PloS one · 2018Article
- Enzootic mosquito vector species at equine encephalitis transmission foci in the República de Panamá.PloS one · 2017Article
- Macroecological patterns of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis transmission across the health areas of Panamá (1980-2012).Parasite epidemiology and control · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInsecticide thermal fogging (ITF) is a tool to control vector borne diseases. Insecticide application success for vector control has been associated with housing materials and architecture. Vector abundance is correlated with weather changes. Nevertheless, housing quality and weather impacts on vector abundance have been unaccounted for in most New World insecticide control trials for leishmaniasis vectors.
methodsWe conducted a 15 month insecticide control trial that included two deltamethrin [6 mg a.i.m-2] based ITF interventions in 12 of 24 monitored houses at Trinidad de Las Minas, a hyperendemic cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission village in western Panamá. During the study we followed sand fly (SF) abundance, keeping track of rainfall and quantified housing quality using an index based on architecture and construction materials.
resultsWe found a 50 to 80% reduction in SF density in the fogged houses when compared with control houses, while controlling for seasonal changes in SF abundance associated with rainfall. We found heterogeneities in the reductions, as abundance changed according to SF species: Lutzomyia gomezi, Lu. panamensis, Lu. dysponeta and Lu. triramula reduced in density between 40% and 90% after ITF. In contrast, Lu. trapidoi density increased 5% after ITF. Differences in the impact of ITF were associated with housing quality, the most destitute houses, i.e., those with features that ease insect entrance, had a disproportionally larger SF abundance, in some cases with increased domiciliary SF density following the ITF.
conclusionOur results suggest the potential of insecticide application to control SF density and leishmaniasis transmission could depend on housing quality beyond insecticide efficiency.
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