ArticlePloS one2013
ApoE4 induces synaptic and ERG impairments in the retina of young targeted replacement apoE4 mice.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting Apolipoprotein E4 rescues photoreceptor degeneration by inhibiting the disease-associated microglia activation in experimental retinal detachment.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Animal Model Presents Retinal Alterations and Methylphenidate Has a Differential Effect in ADHD versus Control Conditions.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Early visual alterations in individuals at-risk of Alzheimer's disease: a multidisciplinary approach.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Article
- IL-4 induces reparative phenotype of RPE cells and protects against retinal neurodegeneration via Nrf2 activation.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Retinal Vascular Study Using OCTA in Subjects at High Genetic Risk of Developing Alzheimer's Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Thicker macula in asymptomaticAlzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022Article
- Changes in retinal microvasculature and retinal layer thickness in association with apolipoprotein E genotype in Alzheimer's disease.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Synapse and Receptor Alterations in Two Different S100B-Induced Glaucoma-Like Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Visual Abnormalities Associate With Hippocampus in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer's Disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2020Article
- Evidence of Synaptic and Neurochemical Remodeling in the Retina of Aging Degus.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Article
- Retinal thinning of inner sub-layers is associated with cortical atrophy in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease: a longitudinal multimodal in vivo study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2019Article
- Identification of Retinal Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease Using Optical Coherence Tomography: Recent Insights, Challenges, and Opportunities.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Transfer of the Experimental Autoimmune Glaucoma Model from Rats to Mice-New Options to Study Glaucoma Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Investigating Multimodal Diagnostic Eye Biomarkers of Cognitive Impairment by Measuring Vascular and Neurogenic Changes in the Retina.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Ocular indicators of Alzheimer's: exploring disease in the retina.Acta neuropathologica · 2016Review
- Retinal manifestations and their diagnostic significance in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reportsReview
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The vertebrate retina, which is part of the central nervous system, is a window into the brain. The present study investigated the extent to which the retina can be used as a model for studying the pathological effects of apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4), the most prevalent genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Immunohistochemical studies of retinas from young (4 months old) apoE4-targeted replacement mice and from corresponding mice which express the AD benign apoE3 allele, revealed that the density of the perikarya of the different classes of retinal neurons was not affected by apoE4. In contrast, the synaptic density of the retinal synaptic layers, which was assessed immunohistochemically and by immunoblot experiments, was significantly lower in the apoE4 than in the apoE3 mice. This was associated with reduced levels of the presynaptic vesicular glutamatergic transporter, VGluT1, but not of either the GABAergic vesicular transporter, VGaT, or the cholinergic vesicular transporter, VAChT, suggesting that the glutamatergic nerve terminals are preferentially affected by apoE4. In contrast, the post synaptic scaffold proteins PSD-95 and Gephyrin, which reside in excitatory and inhibitory synapses, respectively, were both elevated, and their ratio was not affected by apoE4. Electroretinogram (ERG) recordings revealed significant attenuation of mixed rod-cone responses in dark-adapted eyes of apoE4 mice. These findings suggest that the reduced ERG response in the apoE4 mice may be related to the observed decrease in the retinal nerve terminals and that the retina could be used as a novel model for non-invasive monitoring of the effects of apoE4 on the CNS.
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