Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23739895›Full record

ArticleGenome research2013

The maize methylome influences mRNA splice sites and reveals widespread paramutation-like switches guided by small RNA.

Michael Regulski, Zhenyuan Lu, Jude Kendall, Mark T A Donoghue, Jon Reinders, Victor Llaca, Stephane Deschamps, Andrew Smith, Dan Levy, W Richard McCombie and 5 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 160 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
160citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

160 citing papers in PubMed, 286 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Testing the potential of zebularine to induce heritable changes in crop growth and development.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2025
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100 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Michael RegulskiCold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA;
Zhenyuan Lu
Jude Kendall
Mark T A Donoghue
Jon Reinders
Victor Llaca
Stephane Deschamps
Andrew Smith
Dan Levy
W Richard McCombie
Scott Tingey
Antoni Rafalski
James Hicks
Doreen Ware
Robert A Martienssen
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory · USWilmington University · USUniversity of Southern California · US

Funding

Transposons, RNA Interference and HeterochromatinR01GM067014 · NIGMS · COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY · PI MARTIENSSEN, ROBERT A · 2003 to 2016
$4.1M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM067014
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The maize genome, with its large complement of transposons and repeats, is a paradigm for the study of epigenetic mechanisms such as paramutation and imprinting. Here, we present the genome-wide map of cytosine methylation for two maize inbred lines, B73 and Mo17. CG (65%) and CHG (50%) methylation (where H = A, C, or T) is highest in transposons, while CHH (5%) methylation is likely guided by 24-nt, but not 21-nt, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Correlations with methylation patterns suggest that CG methylation in exons (8%) may deter insertion of Mutator transposon insertion, while CHG methylation at splice acceptor sites may inhibit RNA splicing. Using the methylation map as a guide, we used low-coverage sequencing to show that parental methylation differences are inherited by recombinant inbred lines. However, frequent methylation switches, guided by siRNA, persist for up to eight generations, suggesting that epigenetic inheritance resembling paramutation is much more common than previously supposed. The methylation map will provide an invaluable resource for epigenetic studies in maize.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationGenome, PlantRNA Splice SitesAlternative SplicingDNA, PlantDNA Transposable ElementsEpigenesis, GeneticExonsGene Expression Regulation, PlantGenomic ImprintingRNA, MessengerRNA, PlantRNA, Small InterferingSequence AnalysisZea maysDNA, PlantDNA Transposable ElementsRNA, MessengerRNA, PlantRNA, Small InterferingRNA Splice Sites

Identifiers

PMID23739895
PMCPMC3787262
OpenAlexW2104618447

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.