ArticleProgress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry2013
A morphine conjugate vaccine attenuates the behavioral effects of morphine in rats.
Article in Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Precision Adjuvant Strategies in Vaccine Development for Substance Use Disorders: Variability and Mechanistic Insights.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- The development of opioid vaccines as a novel strategy for the treatment of opioid use disorder and overdose prevention.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Vaccines to Treat Substance Use Disorders: Current Status and Future Directions.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Chemical tools for the opioids.Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2023Review
- Immunotherapeutic strategies for treating opioid use disorder and overdose.Expert opinion on investigational drugs · 2023Review
- An Immunconjugate Vaccine Alters Distribution and Reduces the Antinociceptive, Behavioral and Physiological Effects of Fentanyl in Male and Female Rats.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Drug Addiction.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Design, Synthesis, and In Vivo Evaluation of C1-Linked 4,5-Epoxymorphinan Haptens for Heroin Vaccines.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A Review of Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Substance Use Disorders: Current Status and Future Prospects.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2022Review
- Synergistic immune and antinociceptive effects induced from the combination of two different vaccines against morphine/heroin in mouse.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Pharmacological mechanisms underlying the efficacy of antibodies generated by a vaccine to treat oxycodone use disorder.Neuropharmacology · 2021Article
- Developing Translational Vaccines against Heroin and Fentanyl through Investigation of Adjuvants and Stability.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Polymer-mediated delivery of vaccines to treat opioid use disorders and to reduce opioid-induced toxicity.Vaccine · 2020Article
- Preclinical Evaluation of Vaccines to Treat Opioid Use Disorders: How Close are We to a Clinically Viable Therapeutic?CNS drugs · 2020Review
- Development of vaccines to treat opioid use disorders and reduce incidence of overdose.Neuropharmacology · 2019Review
- Opioid Dose- and Route-Dependent Efficacy of Oxycodone and Heroin Vaccines in Rats.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2018Article
- A Stable Heroin Analogue That Can Serve as a Vaccine Hapten to Induce Antibodies That Block the Effects of Heroin and Its Metabolites in Rodents and That Cross-React Immunologically with Related Drugs of Abuse.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2018Article
- Article
- Biologics to treat substance use disorders: Current status and new directions.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Review
- A conjugate vaccine attenuates morphine- and heroin-induced behavior in rats.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccines for opioid dependence may provide a treatment that would reduce or slow the distribution of the drug to brain, thus reducing the drug's reinforcing effects. We tested whether a conjugate vaccine against morphine (keyhole limpet hemocyanin-6-succinylmorphine; KLH-6-SM) administered to rats would produce antibodies and show specificity for morphine or other heroin metabolites. The functional effects of the vaccine were tested with antinociceptive and conditioned place preference (CPP) tests. Rats were either vaccinated with KLH-6-SM and received two boosts 3 and 16 weeks later or served as controls and received KLH alone. Anti-morphine antibodies were produced in vaccinated rats; levels increased and were sustained at moderate levels through 24 weeks. Antibody binding was inhibited by free morphine and other heroin metabolites as demonstrated by competitive inhibition ELISA. Vaccinated rats showed reduced morphine CPP, tested during weeks 4 to 6, and decreased antinociceptive responses to morphine, tested at week 7. Brain morphine levels, assessed using gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) on samples obtained at 26 weeks, were significantly lower in vaccinated rats. This suggests that morphine entry into the brain was reduced or slowed. These results provide support for KLH-6-SM as a candidate vaccine for opioid dependence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.