ArticleMediators of inflammation2013
IL-1 β and IL-6 upregulation in children with H1N1 influenza virus infection.
Article in Mediators of inflammation, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heterogeneous shedding of influenza by human subjects and its implications for epidemiology and control.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
- Hyperinflammation and immunomodulation in influenza, SARS-CoV-2 and syncytial respiratory virus infection in adults: from innate immune responses and biomarkers to clinical and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- An influenza HA mRNA-LNP vaccine induces potent responses in newborn nonhuman primates that enhance protection from challenge.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Article
- Antibody function predicts viral control in newborn monkeys immunised with an influenza virus HA stem nanoparticle.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Innate immune role of IL-6 in influenza a virus pathogenesis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Anti-Influenza A Potential ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing Combined with Metabolomics to Explore Intestinal Flora and Metabolic Changes in Young Febrile Rats and the Mechanism of Xiangqin Jiere Granules.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Article
- Is Interleukin-6 blockade a viable strategy to prevent progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome in non-COVID viral pneumonia?Clinical immunology communications · 2023Article
- Intestinal IL-1β Plays a Role in Protecting against SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- RETRACTED: Design and Synthesis of Novel 5-((3-(Trifluoromethyl)piperidin-1-yl)sulfonyl)indoline-2,3-dione Derivatives as Promising Antiviral Agents: In Vitro, In Silico, and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- MicroRNA expression profile of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in response to coxsackievirus A10 infection reveals a potential role of miR-143-3p in maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Alloferon and Zanamivir Show Effective Antiviral Activity against Influenza A Virus (H1N1) Infection In Vitro and In Vivo.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Common NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors and Covid-19: Divide and conquer.Scientific African · 2022Review
- Interleukin-6 Is a Promising Marker of COVID-19 in Children: A Case Series of 2 Brothers with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia.The American journal of case reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Review
- A Novel Neuraminidase Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Offers Protection Against Heterologous H3N2 Influenza Virus Infection in the Porcine Model.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The recent characteristics of influenza-related hospitalization in Japanese children.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2021Article
- Interleukin-1β exacerbates disease and is a potential therapeutic target to reduce pulmonary inflammation during severe influenza A virus infection.Immunology and cell biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The role of cytokines in relation to clinical manifestations, disease severity, and outcome of children with H1N1 virus infection remains thus far unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate interleukin IL-1 β and IL-6 plasma expressions and their association with clinical findings, disease severity, and outcome of children with H1N1 infection. We prospectively evaluated 15 children with H1N1 virus infection and 15 controls with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). Interleukin plasma levels were measured using immunoenzymatic assays. Significantly higher levels of IL-1 β and IL-6 were detected in all patients with H1N1 virus infection compared to controls. It is noteworthy to mention that in H1N1 patients with more severe clinical manifestations of disease IL-1 β and IL-6 expressions were significantly upregulated compared to H1N1 patients with mild clinical manifestations. In particular, IL-6 was significantly correlated with specific clinical findings, such as severity of respiratory compromise and fever. No correlation was found between interleukin expression and final outcome. In conclusion, H1N1 virus infection induces an early and significant upregulation of both interleukins IL1 β and IL-6 plasma expressions. The upregulation of these cytokines is likely to play a proinflammatory role in H1N1 virus infection and may contribute to airway inflammation and bronchial hyperreactivity in these patients.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.